可见光波段二十面体准晶的光干涉全息术
Icosahedral quasicrystals for visible wavelengths by optical interference holography
摘要：
在金属合金中实现的准晶是一类表现出对称性的晶格，其不属于周期性晶体的通常分类。它们不具有平移对称性，但格点是有序的。此外，它们表现出比周期性晶体更高的旋转对称性。由于更高的对称性（更球形），它们在称为光子晶体的一类新材料中实现完全光子带隙方面比周期晶体更优，其中在某些频率范围内禁止光的传播。准晶体的潜力已被证明在两个维度的红外线范围内，最近，在三维二十面体准晶体制造的立体光刻方法的微波范围。在这里，我们报告的制造和光学特性的二十面体准晶使用全息光刻方法的可见光范围。二十面体图案，使用一种新的7光束光学干涉全息术产生的，被记录在光刻胶和全息干版。光致抗蚀剂样品的电子显微镜照片清楚地显示了在亚微米范围内的二十面体准晶的对称性，而全息板样品在可见光范围内的角度依赖的透射光谱中表现出带隙。计算了二十面体准晶内反射面引起的带隙，结果与实验结果符合得很好。
英文摘要：
Quasicrystals, realized in metal alloys, are a class of lattices exhibiting symmetries that fall outside the usual classification for periodic crystals. They do not have translational symmetry and yet the lattice points are well ordered. Furthermore, they exhibit higher rotational symmetry than periodic crystals. Because of the higher symmetry (more spherical), they are more optimal than periodic crystals in achieving complete photonic bandgaps in a new class of materials called photonic crystals in which the propagation of light in certain frequency ranges is forbidden. The potential of quasicrystals has been demonstrated in two dimensions for the infrared range and, recently, in three-dimensional icosahedral quasicrystals fabricated using a stereo lithography method for the microwave range. Here, we report the fabrication and optical characterization of icosahedral quasicrystals using a holographic lithography method for the visible range. The icosahedral pattern, generated using a novel 7-beam optical interference holography, is recorded on photoresists and holographic plates. Electron micrographs of the photoresist samples show clearly the symmetry of the icosahedral quasicrytals in the submicron range, while the holographic plate samples exhibit bandgaps in the angular-dependent transmission spectra in the visible range. Calculations of the bandgaps due to reflection planes inside the icosahedral quasicrystal show good agreement with the experimental results.
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