J. Becker, K. Bösiger, L. Lindfeld, K. Müller, P. Robmann, S. Schmitt, C. Schmitz, S. Steiner, U. Straumann, K. Szeker, P. Truöl, M. Urban, A. Vollhardt, N. Werner, D. Baumeister, S. Löchner, M. Hildebrandt
The article describes the technical implementation and the performance of the z-vertex trigger (CIP2k), which is part of the H1-experiment at HERA.
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Gas Electron Multiplication technology is finding more and more applications in beam instrumentation and at CERN these detectors have recently been adapted for use in transverse profile measurements at several of our facilities. In the experimental areas of CERN's Antiproton Decelerator, low energy Gas Electron Multipliers successfully replaced all Multwire Proportional Chambers in 2012 and another detector type has now been developed for high energy applications in the experimental areas of the SPS, totaling a potential of more than a hundred profile detectors to be replaced by GEM detectors …
A numerical method of determining the wire sag in a multiwire proportional chamber used in RICH (ALICE) by solving the second order differential equation which governs the wire stability has been presented. The three point Finite Difference Method (FDM) has generated a tridiagonal matrix equation relating the deflection of wire segments to the force acting on it. The precise estimates of electrostatic force has been obtained from accurate field computation using a nearly exact Boundary Element Method (neBEM) solver.
A new multiwire proportional chamber (MWPC) was designed and constructed for precision studies of neutron beta decay angular correlations. Its design has several novel features, including the use of low pressure neopentane as the MWPC gas and an entrance window made of thin Mylar sheet reinforced with Kevlar fibers. In the initial off-line performance tests, the gas gain of neopentane and the position resolution were studied.
The DeeMe experiment to search for muon-to-electron conversions with a sensitivity 10--100 times better than those achieved by previous experiments is in preparation at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex. The magnetic spectrometer used by the DeeMe experiment consists of an electromagnet and four multiwire proportional chambers (MWPCs). The newly developed MWPCs are operated with a high voltage (HV) switching technique and have good burst-hit tolerance. In this article, the final designs of the MWPCs, amplifiers for readout, and HV switching modules are described. Additionally, some…
A prototype multiwire proportional chamber (MWPC) was developed to demonstrate the feasibility of constructing a radiopure time projection chamber with MWPC track readout to assay materials for alpha- and beta-emitting surface contaminants for future rare-event-search experiments as well as other scientific fields. The design features and assembly techniques described here are motivated by the position and energy resolution required to reconstruct alpha and beta tracks while efficiently rejecting backgrounds. Results from a test setup using an $^{55}$Fe x-ray source indicate excellent operatio…
A new experiment, called DeeMe, which is designed to search for $μ$-e conversions with a sensitivity of $\mathcal{O}(10^{-14})$, is in preparation at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). It utilizes a high-quality pulsed proton beam from the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron at J-PARC. The detector for DeeMe must tolerate large pulses of prompt charged particles whose instantaneous hit rate is as large as 70 GHz/mm$^2$ in a time width of 200 ns and detect a single electron that arrives with delayed timing on the order of microseconds. A special wire chamber has been developed with a…
Signal shapes in multiwire proportional chamber-based TPCs
本文研究了ALICE TPC中基于多丝正比室信号的离子尾效应，通过实验与Garfield模拟对比，评估其对dE/dx分辨率的影响，并验证了离线校正程序的可行性。
Performances of a new generation tracking detector: the MEG II cylindrical drfit chamber
本文介绍MEG II实验的创新型单体积圆柱形漂移室，评估其低能正电子探测的分辨率、效率及对实验灵敏度的提升意义。
The performance of a small prototype of a cylindrical drift chamber (CDC) used in the COMET Phase-I experiment was studied by using an electron beam. The prototype chamber was constructed with alternating all-stereo wire configuration and operated with the He-iC$_{4}$H$_{10}$ (90/10) gas mixture without a magnetic field. The drift space-time relation, drift velocity, d$E$/d$x$ resolution, hit efficiency, and spatial resolution as a function of distance from the wire were investigated. The average spatial resolution of 150 $μ$m with the hit efficiency of 99% was obtained at applied voltages hig…
The GPU-accelerated track finding method is investigated to track electrons from neutrinoless muon decay in the COMET Phase-I experiment. Inside the cylindrical drift chamber, one third of the signal electron trajectories are composed of multiple turns where the correct hit assignments to each turn partition are significant in the track finding. Scanning all possible track seeds of position and momentum can resolve the hit-to-turn assignment problem with a high robustness, but requires a huge computational cost: The initial track seeds $(θ,z,p_x,p_y,p_z)$ have broad uncertainties, so there exi…
The ultra-low mass cylindrical drift chamber designed for the MEG II experiment is a challenging apparatus made of 1728 phi = 20 micron gold plated tungsten sense wires, 7680 phi = 40 micron and 2496 phi = 50 micron silver plated aluminum field wires. Because of electrostatic stability requirements all the wires have to be stretched at mechanical tensions of about 25, 19 and 29 g respectively which must be controlled at a level better than 0.5 g. This chamber is presently in acquisition, but during its construction about 100 field wires broke, because of chemical corrosion induced by the atmos…
Perspectives of a single-anode cylindrical chamber operating in ionization mode and high gas pressure
本文研究单阳极圆柱形高压气体探测器在氩气和氙气中的电离模式性能，用于搜寻无中微子双贝塔衰变等稀有现象，在最高气压下两种气体均实现优于1.5% FWHM的能量分辨率。
A cylindrical GEM tracker is under construction in order to replace and improve the inner tracking system of the BESIII experiment. Tests with planar chamber prototypes were carried out on the H4 beam line of SPS (CERN) with muons of 150 GeV/c momentum, to evaluate the efficiency and resolution under different working conditions. The obtained efficiency was in the 96 - 98% range. Two complementary algorithms for the position determination were developed: the charge centroid and the micro-TPC methods. With the former, resolutions <100 micron and <200 micron were achieved without and with magnet…
The Cylindrical GEM-Inner Tracker (CGEM-IT) is the upgrade of the internal tracking system of the BESIII experiment. It consists of three layers of cylindrically-shaped triple GEMs, with important innovations with respect to the existing GEM detectors, in order to achieve the best performance with the lowest material budget. It will be the first cylindrical GEM running with analog readout inside a 1T magnetic field. The simultaneous measurement of both the deposited charge and the signal time will permit to use a combination of two algorithms to evaluate the spatial position of the charged tra…
The Central Drift Chamber is a straw-tube wire chamber of cylindrical structure located surrounding the target inside the bore of the GlueX spectrometer solenoid. Its purpose is to detect and track charged particles with momenta as low as 0.25 GeV/c as well as to identify low-momentum protons via energy loss. The construction of the detector is described and its operation and calibration are discussed in detail. The design goal of 150 microns in position resolution has been reached.
Design, Construction, and Performance of the GEM based Radial Time Projection Chamber for the BONuS12 Experiment with CLAS12
本文介绍了为BONuS12实验开发的基于GEM的径向时间投影室，重点改进了圆柱形放大层的连续GEM箔设计和电极几何均匀性，死区面积小于1%。
Two cylindrical forward TPC detectors are described which were constructed to extend the phase space coverage of the STAR experiment to the region 2.5 < |η| < 4.0. For optimal use of the available space and in order to cope with the high track density of central Au+Au collisions at RHIC, a novel design was developed using radial drift in a low diffusion gas. From prototype measurements a 2-track resolution of 1-2 mm is expected.
Proportional scintillation in liquid xenon: demonstration in a single-phase liquid-only time projection chamber
本文在小型单相纯液氙 TPC 中利用 83mKr 信号验证液相 S2 比例闪烁，测得最高 g2 增益及电子漂移、扩散参数，证明该类探测器可成功运行。
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