解开分子摩擦结
Untying molecular friction knots
摘要：
单分子操作技术的最新进展，使几个组在个别聚合物链打结，并监测其动态的动机，我们已经使用计算机模拟研究“摩擦结”加入一对聚合物链。摩擦结拼接两条绳子的关键特性是，当绳子被拉开时，它会被卡住。相比之下，分子摩擦结最终会因热运动而解开。我们表明，取决于结的类型和聚合物结构，聚合物股之间的摩擦结可以是强的（时间t的结保持捆绑的增加与施加的力F分离的股）或弱（t随增加F减少）。我们进一步提出了一个简单的模型来解释这些行为。
英文摘要：
Motivated by recent advances in single molecule manipulation techniques that enabled several groups to tie knots in individual polymer strands and to monitor their dynamics, we have used computer simulations to study "friction knots" joining a pair of polymer strands. The key property of a friction knot splicing two ropes is that it becomes jammed when the ropes are pulled apart. In contrast, molecular friction knots eventually become undone by thermal motion. We show that depending on the knot type and on the polymer structure, a friction knot between polymer strands can be strong (the time t the knot stays tied increases with the force F applied to separate the strands) or weak (t decreases with increasing F). We further present a simple model explaining these behaviors.
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