适用于太阳轨道器的低频电场和磁场数据的系统表征
Systematic Characterization of Low Frequency Electric and Magnetic Field Data Applicable to Solar Orbiter
摘要：
我们提出了一个系统的和物理动机的表征不相干或相干的电场和磁场，例如测量的低频接收器板上的太阳轨道飞行器航天器。该表征利用了电场和磁场的3+3复数笛卡尔分量的36个自相关/互相关;因此，它们在场强方面是二阶的，因此具有物理尺寸能量密度。虽然这种6x6相关矩阵已经成功地应用于以前的太空任务，但它们不是物理量;因为它们不是明显的时空张量。在本文中，我们提出了一个系统的表示的36度的自由度的部分相干电磁场作为一组明显的协变时空张量，我们称之为规范电磁观测量（CEO）。作为一个例子，我们应用这种形式主义来分析实际数据，从合唱团发射中纬度磁层，登记的STAFF-SA仪器板上的探测器-II航天器。我们发现，CEO分析增加了可以从STAFF-SA数据集提取的信息量;例如，无功能量通量密度，这是CEO参数之一，比单独的有功能量（坡印廷）通量密度更直接地识别电磁辐射的源区。
英文摘要：
We present a systematic and physically motivated characterization of incoherent or coherent electric and magnetic fields, as measured for instance by the low frequency receiver on-board the Solar Orbiter spacecraft. The characterization utilizes the 36 auto/cross correlations of the 3+3 complex Cartesian components of the electric and magnetic fields; hence, they are second order in the field strengths and so have physical dimension energy density. Although such 6x6 correlation matrices have been successfully employed on previous space missions, they are not physical quantities; because they are not manifestly space-time tensors. In this paper we propose a systematic representation of the 36 degrees-of-freedom of partially coherent electromagnetic fields as a set of manifestly covariant space-time tensors, which we call the Canonical Electromagnetic Observables (CEO). As an example, we apply this formalism to analyze real data from a chorus emission in the mid-latitude magnetosphere, as registered by the STAFF-SA instrument on board the Cluster-II spacecraft. We find that the CEO analysis increases the amount of information that can be extracted from the STAFF-SA dataset; for instance, the reactive energy flux density, which is one of the CEO parameters, identifies the source region of electromagnetic emissions more directly than the active energy (Poynting) flux density alone.
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