变标量时空的绝对性与引力理论及建立在平坦参考系中的宇宙学（1）
The Absolutism of Space and Time with Variable Scalars and Gravitational Theory as well as Cosmology Established in Flat Reference Frame (1)
摘要：
本文在平坦参考系的基础上，对爱因斯坦的时空理论、引力理论和标准宇宙学进行了全面的重建。爱因斯坦理论的合理部分被保留，而不合理的部分，包括时空悖论和奇点等被完全消除。建立了一个更加合理的时空、引力和宇宙学理论。通过将爱因斯坦引力场方程的史瓦西解所描述的测地线方程变换到引力场的平面参考系中，证明了牛顿引力场的描述，得到了牛顿引力场的修正公式。在此基础上，所有支持广义相对论的实验也都能得到很好的解释，但该理论不存在任何时空奇异性等广义相对论中的奇异性质。指出用等效原理解释光谱引力红移实际上存在逻辑上的困难。推导了新的引力红移公式和光源在引力场中运动时的修正的多普勒红移公式。从爱因斯坦方程场的史瓦西解出发，证明了在球对称的引力场中，光速会发生变化，光速各向同性会被破坏。建议用迈克尔逊-莫雷干涉的方法来验证地球引力场中光速的变化和各向同性的破坏。该实验可以看作是在球对称弱引力场中对广义相对论的一个新的验证。该理论还可以用来解释爱因斯坦引力理论所不能解释的所谓先驱反常现象。
英文摘要：
The Einstein theories of space-time and gravity as well the stander cosmology are reconstructed thoroughly in this paper based on flat reference frame. The rational parts of the Einstein theories are reserved while the irrational parts including space-time paradoxes and singularities and so on are eliminated completely. A more rational the theory of space-time, gravitation and cosmology is established. By transforming the geodesic equation described by the Schwarzschild solution of the Einsteins equation of gravitational field into flat reference frame for of gravitational field, it is provdescription, the revised formulas of the Newtonian gravitation is obtained. Based on the formulas, all experiments which support general relativity can also be explained well, but the theory has no any space-time singularity and other strange characters which exist in general relativity. It is pointed that there exists logical difficulties to use the equivalent principle to explain spectrum gravitational redshift actually. The new formula of gravitational redshift and the revised Doppler formula of redshift when light source moves in gravitational field are deduced. Based on the Schwarzschild solution of the Einstein equation field, it is proved that the speed of light would change and the isotropy of light speed would be violated in gravitational field with spherical symmetry. It is suggested to use the method of the Michelson Morley interference to verify the change of light speed and the violation of isotropy in the gravitational field of the earth. This experiment can be considered as a new verification for general relativity in the weak gravitational field with spherical symmetry. The theory may also be used to explain so-called the Pioneer Anomaly which the Einstein theory of gravitation can not do.
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