长期回应Scheuer-Yariv：“一个经典的密钥分配系统基于约翰逊（类）噪声-如何安全？“，物理/0601022
Long Response to Scheuer-Yariv: "A Classical Key-Distribution System based on Johnson (like) noise - How Secure?", physics/0601022
摘要：
这是回应的较长版本（部分未发表）;较短版本（http：//arxiv.org/abs/physics/0605013）发表在Physics Letters A上。我们指出，Scheuer和Yariv的评论文件中的主张要么是不相关的，要么是不正确的。我们首先阐明物理安全层的安全性意味着什么。理想Kirchoff-loop-Johnson-like-noise（KLJN）方案是完全安全的，因此它比理想量子通信方案更安全，而理想量子通信方案由于其固有的噪声过程和基于误差统计的窃听者检测的统计性质而不可能是完全安全的。另一方面，在足够的资源下，KLJN密码的实际/非理想实现可以任意地接近理想化的极限，甚至优于理想化的量子通信方案，因为非理想效应由设计确定和控制。Scheuer和Yariv分析的电缆电阻问题是一个很好的例子，因为窃听者没有足够的时间窗口来建立足够的统计数据，并且可以设计实际的信息泄漏。我们表明，Scheuer和Yariv的数值结果的1%的电压降支持更高的安全性比量子通信。此外，选择较粗或较短的导线可以任意地进一步降低该电压降;即使根据Scheuer和Yariv的方程，也可以得出相同的结论。
英文摘要：
This is the longer (partially unpublished) version of response; the shorter version (http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0605013) is published in Physics Letters A. We point out that the claims in the comment-paper of Scheuer and Yariv are either irrelevant or incorrect. We first clarify what the security of a physically secure layer means. The idealized Kirchoff-loop-Johnson-like-noise (KLJN) scheme is totally secure therefore it is more secure than idealized quantum communication schemes which can never be totally secure because of the inherent noise processes in those communication schemes and the statistical nature of eavesdropper detection based on error statistics. On the other hand, with sufficient resources, a practical/non-ideal realization of the KLJN cipher can arbitrarily approach the idealized limit and outperform even the idealized quantum communicator schemes because the non-ideality-effects are determined and controlled by the design. The cable resistance issue analyzed by Scheuer and Yariv is a good example for that because the eavesdropper has insufficient time window to build a sufficient statistics and the actual information leak can be designed. We show that Scheuer's and Yariv's numerical result of 1% voltage drop supports higher security than that of quantum communicators. Moreover, choosing thicker or shorter wires can arbitrarily reduce this voltage drop further; the same conclusion holds even according to the equations of Scheuer and Yariv.
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