避堵自适应巡航控制系统（ACC）及其对交通动态的影响
Jam-avoiding adaptive cruise control (ACC) and its impact on traffic dynamics
摘要：
自适应巡航控制（ACC）自动加速或减速车辆，以保持选定的时间间隔，达到所需的速度，或防止追尾碰撞。为此，ACC传感器检测并跟踪前方车辆，以测量实际距离和速度差。这些输入变量与自身速度一起与跟驰模型中的输入变量完全相同。这方面的贡献的重点是：什么将是传播的ACC系统的交通动态的影响？自动驾驶策略是否有潜力提高交通流量的容量和稳定性，或者它们是否必然会增加异质性和不稳定性？结果如何取决于ACC设备水平？我们讨论微观建模方面的人类和自动驾驶（ACC）。通过微观交通模拟，我们研究了可变比例的ACC装备的车辆如何影响交通流的稳定性，在自由交通条件下的最大流量，直到交通中断，以及拥挤的交通的动态容量。此外，我们比较了不同的百分比的ACC相对于行程时间在一个特定的拥堵情况。值得注意的是，我们发现，已经有少量的ACC装备的汽车，因此，轻微增加的自由和动态容量，导致交通拥堵的急剧减少。
英文摘要：
Adaptive-Cruise Control (ACC) automatically accelerates or decelerates a vehicle to maintain a selected time gap, to reach a desired velocity, or to prevent a rear-end collision. To this end, the ACC sensors detect and track the vehicle ahead for measuring the actual distance and speed difference. Together with the own velocity, these input variables are exactly the same as in car-following models. The focus of this contribution is: What will be the impact of a spreading of ACC systems on the traffic dynamics? Do automated driving strategies have the potential to improve the capacity and stability of traffic flow or will they necessarily increase the heterogeneity and instability? How does the result depend on the ACC equipment level? We discuss microscopic modeling aspects for human and automated (ACC) driving. By means of microscopic traffic simulations, we study how a variable percentage of ACC-equipped vehicles influences the stability of traffic flow, the maximum flow under free traffic conditions until traffic breaks down, and the dynamic capacity of congested traffic. Furthermore, we compare different percentages of ACC with respect to travel times in a specific congestion scenario. Remarkably, we find that already a small amount of ACC equipped cars and, hence, a marginally increased free and dynamic capacity, leads to a drastic reduction of traffic congestion.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
