火星表面环境矿物的天体生物学意义：铁（黄钾铁矾）与钙（石膏）硫酸盐的紫外线屏蔽特性
Astrobiological significance of minerals on Mars surface environment: UV-shielding properties of Fe (jarosite) vs. Ca (gypsum) sulphates
摘要：
最近在火星上发现的与液态水有关的硫酸盐具有很大的天体生物学意义。紫外线辐射实验，使用天然钙和铁硫酸盐（石膏，黄钾铁矾），来自两个选定的地区，西班牙东南部（Jaroso热液系统和Sorbas碳酸盐盆地），进行了使用一个集成的输出从220 nm到500 nm的1.2 Wm-2的白炽灯。结果表明，这两种矿物的紫外线防护能力存在很大差异，并证实火星风化层的矿物组成是一个至关重要的屏蔽因素。而石膏显示出高得多的透射百分比，黄钾铁矾样品，厚度仅为500微米，防止传输。这一结果对于在火星上寻找生命极其重要，因为：a）黄钾铁矾通常以蚀变结壳和铜绿的形式出现在地球上，b）火星表面非常薄的黄钾铁矾结壳足以保护微生物免受紫外线辐射。
英文摘要：
The recent discovery of liquid water-related sulphates on Mars is of great astrobiological interest. UV radiation experiments, using natural Ca and Fe sulphates (gypsum, jarosite), coming from two selected areas of SE Spain (Jaroso Hydrothermal System and the Sorbas evaporitic basin), were performed using a Xe Lamp with an integrated output from 220 nm to 500 nm of 1.2 Wm-2. The results obtained demonstrate a large difference in the UV protection capabilities of both minerals and also confirm that the mineralogical composition of the Martian regolith is a crucial shielding factor. Whereas gypsum showed a much higher transmission percentage, jarosite samples, with a thickness of only 500 microns, prevented transmission. This result is extremely important for the search for life on Mars as: a) jarosite typically occurs on Earth as alteration crusts and patinas, and b) a very thin crust of jarosite on the surface of Mars would be sufficient to shield microorganisms from UV radiation.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
