过渡到经典极限的形式化方法在Dirac方程中的应用
Formalized procedure of transition to classical limit in application to the Dirac equation
摘要：
构造了Dirac粒子S_D的经典模型S{Dcl}。S_D是由狄拉克方程描述的动力学系统。为了研究S_D和构造S_{Dcl}，人们使用了一种新的动态方法：动态反量化。这种相对论性的纯动力学过程不使用量子力学的原理。所得到的经典模拟S_{Dcl}描述的一个系统的常微分方程，包含的量子常数作为一个参数。S_{Dcl}的动力学方程由Dirac方程唯一确定。动力学系统S_{Dcl}有十个自由度，不可能是点状粒子，因为它有内部结构。内部自由度似乎是非相对论性描述的。第一部分讨论了量子系统研究中传统的公理化方法和动力学方法之间的相互作用。特别是，我们讨论了为什么狄拉克粒子的内部自由度及其非相对论性在80年中没有被发现的原因。
英文摘要：
Classical model S{Dcl} of the Dirac particle S_D is constructed. S_D is the dynamic system described by the Dirac equation. For investigation of S_D and construction of S_{Dcl} one uses a new dynamic method: dynamic disquantization. This relativistic purely dynamic procedure does not use principles of quantum mechanics. The obtained classical analog S_{Dcl} is described by a system of ordinary differential equations, containing the quantum constant as a parameter. Dynamic equations for S_{Dcl} are determined by the Dirac equation uniquely. The dynamic system S_{Dcl} has ten degrees of freedom and cannot be a pointlike particle, because it has an internal structure. Internal degrees of freedom appears to be described nonrelativistically. One discusses interplay between the conventional axiomatic methods and the dynamical methods of the quantum systems investigation. In particular, one discusses the reasons, why the internal degrees of freedom of the Dirac particle and their nonrelativistic character were not discovered during eighty years.
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