存款准备金率对货币分布和流通速度的影响
How Required Reserve Ratio Affects Distribution and Velocity of Money
摘要：
本文基于一个货币随机转移模型和计算机模拟，考察了财富分布和货币流通速度对存款准备金率的依赖性。模型中引入了部分准备金银行制度，其中货币创造可以通过银行贷款来实现，货币总量由货币基础和法定准备金率决定。结果表明，货币财富服从非对称拉普拉斯分布，货币的潜伏时间服从指数分布。本文给出的货币财富分布和货币流通速度随法定准备金率变化的表达式与模拟结果吻合较好。
英文摘要：
In this paper the dependence of wealth distribution and the velocity of money on the required reserve ratio is examined based on a random transfer model of money and computer simulations. A fractional reserve banking system is introduced to the model where money creation can be achieved by bank loans and the monetary aggregate is determined by the monetary base and the required reserve ratio. It is shown that monetary wealth follows asymmetric Laplace distribution and latency time of money follows exponential distribution. The expression of monetary wealth distribution and that of the velocity of money in terms of the required reserve ratio are presented in a good agreement with simulation results.
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