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arXiv physics/0505135physics.chem-phphysics.gen-ph
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动力学超调的热力学理论

Thermodynamic theory of kinetic overshoots

A. N. Gorban, G. S. Yablonsky

摘要:

凡是不禁止的,都是允许的。那么,在化学反应、传热和其他耗散过程中,什么是被禁止的呢?是否有可能“超越”均衡,如果有,那么有多远?以平衡环绕效应为例,讨论了热力学允许轨迹和禁止轨迹。给出了可达态的完整理论。所有热力学容许路径的空间通过在“热力学树”上的投影来表示,“热力学树”是平衡多面体中相关热力学势(熵、自由能、自由焓)的树。开放系统的定态和极限点也是局域化的。

英文摘要:

Everything that is not prohibited is permissible. So, what is prohibited in the course of chemical reactions, heat transfer and other dissipative processes? Is it possible to "overshoot" the equilibrium, and if yes, then how far? Thermodynamically allowed and prohibited trajectories of processes are discussed by the example of effects of equilibrium encircling. The complete theory of thermodynamically accessible states is presented. The space of all thermodynamically admissible paths is presented by projection on the "thermodynamic tree", that is the tree of the related thermodynamic potential (entropy, free energy, free enthalpy) in the balance polyhedron. The stationary states and limit points for open systems are localized too.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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