泰坦上的生物增强能源和碳循环？
Biologically Enhanced Energy and Carbon Cycling on Titan?
摘要：
随着卡西尼-惠更斯号任务在土星轨道上运行，大卫星泰坦，其还原的大气层，丰富的有机化学物质和异质表面，进入天体生物学的聚光灯。40亿年前，土卫六和地球的环境条件在许多方面都很相似，这是地球上生命起源的大致时间。生命可能起源于土卫六温暖的早期历史，然后发展出适应策略来应对日益寒冷的条件。如果生物体起源并持续存在，那么代谢策略可能存在，即使在今天，也会为生命的持续提供足够的能量。代谢反应可能包括光化学产生的乙炔的催化氢化，或涉及紫外线辐射在大气中产生的自由基的重组。代谢活动甚至可能有助于通过生物能使土卫六表面看起来年轻、光滑和高活性。
英文摘要：
With the Cassini-Huygens Mission in orbit around Saturn, the large moon Titan, with its reducing atmosphere, rich organic chemistry, and heterogeneous surface, moves into the astrobiological spotlight. Environmental conditions on Titan and Earth were similar in many respects 4 billion years ago, the approximate time when life originated on Earth. Life may have originated on Titan during its warmer early history and then developed adaptation strategies to cope with the increasingly cold conditions. If organisms originated and persisted, metabolic strategies could exist that would provide sufficient energy for life to persist, even today. Metabolic reactions might include the catalytic hydrogenation of photochemically produced acetylene, or involve the recombination of radicals created in the atmosphere by UV radiation. Metabolic activity may even contribute to the apparent youth, smoothness, and high activity of the surface of Titan via biothermal energy.
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