SPPED驱动的箍缩研究2 generator：等离子体聚焦结构中的硬X射线和中子发射
Research on pinches driven by SPPED 2 generator : hard X-ray and neutron emission in plasma focus configuration
摘要：
SPEED 2是基于Marx技术的发生器，由杜塞尔多夫大学设计。SPEED 2由40 +/-并联连接的Marx模块组成（4.1 mF等效Marx发生器容量，300 kV，短路时4 MA，187 kJ，400 ns上升时间，dI/dt~1013 A/s）。目前，SPEED 2正在智利CCHEN的智利能源核委员会运行，是南半球最强大和最具能量的致密瞬态等离子体装置。以前在杜塞尔多夫SPEED 2中开发的大部分工作都是在用于软X射线发射的等离子体聚焦配置中完成的，并且没有完全研究SPEED 2的中子发射。CCHEN的研究计划考虑了不同箍缩配置（等离子体焦点，气体膨化等离子体焦点，气体嵌入Z箍缩，线阵列）的实验，电流为数百千安培到兆安培，使用SPEED 2发生器。智利的操作已经开始实施和开发在氘中操作的常规等离子体聚焦配置中的诊断，以表征中子发射和硬X射线产生。银活化计数器，塑料CR 39和闪烁器光电倍增管探测器被用来表征中子发射。在商业射线照相胶片Agfa Curix ST-G2上获得具有不同厚度的金属板的图像，以表征放电外部的硬X射线的有效能量。
英文摘要：
SPEED2 is a generator based on Marx technology and was designed in the University of Dusseldorf. SPEED2 consists on 40 +/- Marx modules connected in parallel (4.1 mF equivalent Marx generator capacity, 300 kV, 4 MA in short circuit, 187 kJ, 400 ns rise time, dI/dt~1013 A/s). Currently the SPEED2 is operating at the Comision Chilena de Energia Nuclear, CCHEN, Chile, being the most powerful and energetic device for dense transient plasma in the Southern Hemisphere. Most of the previous works developed in SPEED2 at Dusseldorf were done in a plasma focus configuration for soft X-ray emission and the neutron emission from SPEED2 was not completely studied. The research program at CCHEN considers experiments in different pinch configurations (plasma focus, gas puffed plasma focus, gas embedded Z-pinch, wire arrays) at current of hundred of kiloamperes to mega-amperes, using the SPEED2 generator. The Chilean operation has begun implementing and developing diagnostics in a conventional plasma focus configuration operating in deuterium in order to characterize the neutron emission and the hard X-ray production. Silver activation counters, plastics CR39 and scintillator-photomultiplier detectors are used to characterize the neutron emission. Images of metallic plates with different thickness are obtained on commercial radiographic film, Agfa Curix ST-G2, in order to characterize an effective energy of the hard X-ray outside of the discharge .
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