用于烧蚀现象和机理详细研究的精确尺寸可控弹丸注射器的研制
Development of a precise size-controllable pellet injector for the detailed studies of ablation phenamena and mechanism
摘要：
从核聚变等离子体性能的角度来看，在控制密度分布、获得高密度或改善约束以及诊断目的的意义上，在许多环形装置中积极地进行了弹丸注入实验。为了有一个共同的测量弹丸消融，回归研究已作为一个国际合作活动，获得“iPad”（国际弹丸消融数据库）>。然而，这些都是一个经验的缩放，弹丸烧蚀的机制仍然有待研究。根据基于典型弹丸烧蚀模型（e.例如，在一个实施例中，所谓的中性气体屏蔽模型），应当理解，进入等离子体的穿透深度总是对颗粒尺寸非常敏感。如果颗粒尺寸太大，颗粒会穿过等离子体，如果颗粒太小，颗粒会被捕获在等离子体表面。此外，对于特定等离子体，颗粒尺寸的有效或合适范围通常非常窄，并且该范围根据每个等离子体尺寸和等离子体参数而变化很大。因此，弹丸尺寸的精确可控性，特别是连续变量系统的尺寸可控性，将是非常有效的，以进行详细的研究弹丸烧蚀和相关现象。本文介绍了一种新型的颗粒喷射器，它具有颗粒尺寸精确连续控制系统。这具有在极低温度区域生产冷冻颗粒的独特力学和结构。在本研究目前开发的装置中，我们将通过使用特殊的“长度限制杆”将圆柱形颗粒（$Φ$ 1.0 mm）的长度从0.5 mm精确调节到3 mm。12288;　
英文摘要：
From the viewpoint of performance of nuclear fusion plasmas, pellet injection experiments have been actively carried out in many toroidal devices in the sense of controlling density profile, obtaining high density or improved confinement, and diagnostic purposes. In order to have a common measure of pellet ablation, the regression study has been performed as an international cooperation activity, obtaining "IPAD" (International Pellet Ablation Database) >. However, these are an empirical scaling, and the mechanism of pellet ablation still remains to be studied. According to the code calculations based on a typical pellet ablation model (e. g., so-called the neutral gas shielding model), it is understood that the penetration depth into plasma is always quite sensitive to the pellet size. If the pellet size is too large, the pellet passes through the plasma, and if it is too small, it is trapped at the plasma surface. Also, an effective or suitable range of the pellet size for a certain plasma is generally very narrow, and this range largely varies depending on each plasma size and plasma parameters. Thus, the precise controllability of the pellet size, especially the size controllability with continuously variable system will be quite effective in order to carry out the detailed studies on pellet ablation and associated phenomena. A pellet injector of new type with precisely and continuously controllable system of pellet size is being developed. This has a unique mechanics and structure of producing a frozen pellet in extremely low temperature region. In the device presently developed in this research, we will precisely adjust the length of the cylindrical pellet ($Φ$ 1.0mm) from 0.5 to 3 mm by using the special "length restriction rod".　　
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