HERA电子储存环中的HERMES极化氢氘靶
The HERMES Polarized Hydrogen and Deuterium Gas Target in the HERA Electron Storage Ring
摘要：
自1996年以来，HERMES氢和氘核极化气体靶一直与DESY的HERA极化电子束一起使用，以研究核子的自旋结构。来自Stern-Gerlach原子束源的极化原子被注入HERA电子环内部的存储单元。分析从存储单元中心扩散到侧管中的原子以确定原子分数和原子极化。原子具有核极化，其轴由外部磁保持场定义。1996-2000年为纵向，2001年改为横向。介绍了目标的设计，概述了分析目标极化的方法，并给出了目标在不同运行周期的性能。
英文摘要：
The HERMES hydrogen and deuterium nuclear-polarized gas targets have been in use since 1996 with the polarized electron beam of HERA at DESY to study the spin structure of the nucleon. Polarized atoms from a Stern-Gerlach Atomic Beam Source are injected into a storage cell internal to the HERA electron ring. Atoms diffusing from the center of the storage cell into a side tube are analyzed to determine the atomic fraction and the atomic polarizations. The atoms have a nuclear polarization, the axis of which is defined by an external magnetic holding field. The holding field was longitudinal during 1996-2000, and was changed to transverse in 2001. The design of the target is described, the method for analyzing the target polarization is outlined, and the performance of the target in the various running periods is presented.
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