光子的拓扑自旋输运：光学Magnus效应和Berry相位
Topological spin transport of photons: the optical Magnus Effect and Berry Phase
摘要：
本文提出了一种修正的光滑非均匀各向同性介质的几何光学（GO），它考虑了两种拓扑现象：Berry相位和光学Magnus效应。通过将具有自旋的量子粒子的准经典运动与光滑非均匀介质中电磁波的GO类比，在波动量空间中引入了与简并度相关的标准规范势.这个势对应于类狄拉克场（Berry曲率），它导致光子的拓扑自旋（极化）输运。右旋和左旋螺旋度波的偏差发生在相反的方向上，并垂直于运动的主方向。这就产生了一个穿过主运动的自旋流。这种情况类似于电子的反常霍尔效应。此外，还提出了一个能观察到光子拓扑自旋分裂的简单实验方案。
英文摘要：
The paper develops a modified geometrical optics (GO) of smoothly inhomogeneous isotropic medium, which takes into account two topological phenomena: Berry phase and the optical Magnus effect. By using the analogy between a quasi-classical motion of a quantum particle with a spin and GO of an electromagnetic wave in smoothly inhomogeneous media, we have introduced the standard gauge potential associated with the degeneracy in the wave momentum space. This potential corresponds to the Dirac-monopole-like field (Berry curvature), which causes the topological spin (polarization) transport of photons. The deviations of waves of right-hand and left-hand helicity occur in the opposite directions and orthogonally to the principal direction of motion. This produces a spin current directed across the principal motion. The situation is similar to the anomalous Hall effect for electrons. In addition, a simple scheme of the experiment allowing one to observe the topological spin splitting of photons has been suggested.
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