软粘弹性层/硬下卧层场地对深、浅层线源SH柱面地震波的二维地震动响应
2D ground motion at a soft viscoelastic layer/hard substratum site in response to SH cylindrical seismic waves radiated by deep and shallow line sources
摘要：
我们表明，基本上是通过理论手段，对于一个网站所选择的简单的几何形状和机械性能，（无限横向范围的水平、均匀、软粘弹性层，覆盖在半无限径向范围、剪切-水平运动的均匀、硬弹性底层上，并与之焊接接触）：1）震源越远，与Love模的耦合越弱（模拟为一条线，假设位于底层）是从软层的下边界，（2）对于靠近软层下边界的线源，地面响应可能具有拍频现象，其持续时间明显长于深源柱面波激励。该理论的数值应用表明，例如，一个线源，位于一个60米厚的软层的下边界以下40米，在一个假设的墨西哥城样的网站，辐射一个SH脉冲的持续时间为4秒，产生大量的地面运动在200秒，与显着的跳动，在震中距为3公里。这种反应在某些方面与位于软土场地的真实城市中观察到的反应相似，因此本文所采用的模型可能有助于确定此类城市地震破坏性影响的原因并查明主要影响因素。
英文摘要：
We show, essentially by theoretical means, that for a site with the chosen simple geometry and mechanical properties (horizontal, homogeneous, soft viscoelastic layer of infinite lateral extent overlying, and in welded contact with, a homogeneous, hard elastic substratum of half-infinite radial extent, shear-horizontal motion): 1) coupling to Love modes is all the weaker the farther the seismic source (modeled as a line, assumed to lie in the substratum) is from the lower boundary of the soft layer, 2) for a line source close to the lower boundary of the soft layer, the ground response is characterized by possible beating phenomena, and is of significantly-longer duration than for excitation by cylindrical waves radiated by deep sources. Numerical applications of the theory show, for instance, that a line source, located 40m below the lower boundary of a 60m thick soft layer in a hypothetical Mexico City-like site, radiating a SH pulse of 4s duration, produces substantial ground motion during 200s, with marked beating, at an epicentral distance of 3km. This response is in some respects similar to that observed in real cities located at soft-soil sites so that the model employed herein may help to establish the causes and pinpoint the major contributing factors of the devastating effects of earthquakes in such cities.
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