泵浦-探测原子宇称破坏实验中磁电光学系统效应的柱对称性判别
Cylindrical Symmetry Discrimination of Magnetoelectric Optical Systematic Effects in a Pump-probe Atomic Parity Violation Experiment
摘要：
在纵向电场中进行的泵浦-探测原子宇称破坏（APV）实验提供了在保持装置的圆柱对称性的同时破坏镜像对称性的信号。被激发的蒸汽作为线性二向色放大器作用于探测光束，在检测到的信号上留下非常具体的特征。我们的微分旋光仪是面向产生一个零的结果，除非被激发的原子被赋予某种手性。理想情况下，只有APV（E-奇数）和校准（E-偶数）信号有助于手性原子响应，这种情况非常有利于检测微小效应。在目前的工作中，我们给出了一个彻底的分析可能不需要的缺陷，如杂散横向场或失调，这将破坏理想的设置，并导致手性系统学。抑制这种影响的一种可能方法是通过45度的增量步长来执行实验的全局旋转，使杂散场和未对准都保持不变。至少两个缺陷的共同作用是影响E奇偏振计信号所必需的。缺陷的横向性质通过方位角余弦平方调制来体现。有害的系统学是那些在四个连续的配置上平均后幸存下来的系统学。它们需要存在杂散横向电场，该杂散横向电场可以通过系统效应的辅助测量来确定并最终最小化，通过施加已知的外部磁场来放大。横向杂散磁场必须通过类似的程序进行补偿。我们还提出了统计相关性检验作为上述系统性效应的诊断。
英文摘要：
A pump-probe atomic parity violation (APV) experiment performed in a longitudinal electric field, provides a signal breaking mirror symmetry while preserving the cylindrical symmetry of the set-up. The excited vapor acts on the probe beam as a linear dichroic amplifier, imprinting a very specific signature on the detected signal. Our differential polarimeter is oriented to yield a null result unless the excited atoms are endowed with a chirality of some kind. Ideally, only the APV (E-odd) and the calibration (E-even) signals contribute to a chiral atomic response, a situation highly favourable to the detection of a tiny effect. In the present work we give a thorough analysis of possible unwanted defects like stray transverse fields or misalignments which would spoil the ideal set-up and lead to chiral systematics. A possible way to suppress such effects is to perform global rotations of the experiment by incremental steps of 45 degrees, leaving both stray fields and misalignments unaltered. The conspiration of at least two defects is necessary to affect the E-odd polarimeter signal. The transverse nature of the defects manifests itself by an azimuthal cosine square modulation. The harmful systematics are those which survive the averaging over four successive configurations. They require the presence of a stray transverse electric field, which can be determined and eventually minimized by auxiliary measurements of the systematic effects, amplified by applying a known external magnetic field. Transverse stray magnetic fields must be compensated by a similar procedure. We also propose statistical correlation tests as diagnoses of the aforementioned systematic effects.
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