量子跳跃中的非随机性检验
Tests for non-randomness in quantum jumps
摘要：
在量子力学的基础实验中，我们观察到了一个囚禁的、激光冷却的$^{88}$ Sr $^+$离子的228~000次量子跃迁。这代表了两个数量级的统计增长比以前类似的量子跳跃的分析。与量子力学过程中的其他非随机性搜索相比，使用量子跳跃通过消除多粒子效应并提供近单位的跃迁检测效率来简化数据的解释。当量子跃迁之间的任何间隔值已知时，我们测量信息熵的分数减少为$< 6.5~10^{-4}$。我们还发现，连续增加或减少的间隔时间的运行次数与理论预期值一致。此外，我们还分析了两个同时受限离子的238~000次量子跃迁，发现明显重合跃迁的数目与预期相符。最后，我们观察到8400个同时捕获的两个离子的自发衰变，并发现从亚稳态的明显符合衰变的数目与预期值一致。我们没有发现在量子跃迁的间隔或量子态的衰变中存在短期或长期关联的证据，这与量子理论一致。
英文摘要：
In a fundamental test of quantum mechanics, we have observed 228~000 quantum jumps of a single trapped and laser cooled $^{88}$Sr$^+$ ion. This represents a statistical increase of two orders of magnitude over previous similar analyses of quantum jumps. Compared to other searches for non-randomness in quantum mechanical processes, using quantum jumps simplifies the interpretation of data by eliminated multi-particle effects and providing near-unit detection efficiency of transitions. We measure the fractional reduction in the entropy of information to be $< 6.5~10^{-4}$ when the value of any interval between quantum jumps is known. We also find that the number of runs of successively increasing or decreasing interval times agrees with the theoretically expected values. Furthermore, we analyze 238~000 quantum jumps from two simultaneously confined ions and find that the number of apparently coincidental transitions is as expected. Finally, we observe 8400 spontaneous decays of two simultaneously trapped ions and find that the number of apparently coincidental decays from the metastable state agrees with the expected value. We find no evidence for short- or long-term correlations in the intervals of the quantum jumps or in the decay of the quantum states, in agreement with quantum theory.
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