延迟电磁相互作用与经典统计力学的动力学基础及时间反演可逆性参数的消除
Retarded Electromagnetic Interaction and Dynamic Foundation of Classical Statistical Mechanics and Elimination of Reversibility Paradox of Time reversal
摘要：
证明了在考虑带电微粒间的延迟电磁相互作用后，非保守耗散力和时间反演的非对称性可以很自然地引入经典统计力学中。这样就为经典统计物理建立了合理的动力学基础，得到了修正的刘维尔方程。从Liouville方程直接得到了微正则系综、正则系综、近独立子系统的分布、Maxwell-Boltzmann分布律和Maxwell速度分布，而不需要等概率假设。由于孤立系的大部分等效态实际上并不是等概率的态，微正则系综又被认为不适合作为等效态理论的基础。从而彻底消除了宏观系统非等价演化过程中的可逆性悖论，达到了等价态和非等价态的统计力学统一描述。对修正后的BBKGY级数方程和流体力学方程进行了简化，定义了一般系统的非等效熵，并证明了非等效熵的熵增原理。
英文摘要：
It is proved in the paper that the non-conservative dissipative force and asymmetry of time reversal can be naturally introduced into classical statistical mechanics after retarded electromagnetic interaction between charged microparticles is considered. In this way, the rational dynamic foundation for classical statistical physics can established and the revised Liouville equation is obtained. The micro-canonical ensemble, the canonical ensemble, the distribution of near-independent subsystem, the distribution law of the Maxwell- Boltzmann and the Maxwell distribution of velocities are achieved directly from the Liouville equation without using the hypothesis of equal probability. The micro-canonical ensemble is considered unsuitable as the foundation of equivalent state theory again, for most of equivalent states of isolated systems are not the states with equal probabilities actually. The reversibility paradoxes in the processes of non-equivalent evolutions of macro-systems can be eliminated completely, and the united description of statistical mechanics of equivalent and nonequivalent states is reached. The revised BBKGY series equations and hydromechanics equations are reduced, the non-equivalent entropy of general systems is defined and the principle of entropy increment of the non-equivalent entropy is proved at last.
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