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arXiv physics/0209036physics.class-phphysics.gen-ph
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超光速光脉冲在非线性相干介质中的传输

Superluminal optical pulse propagation in nonlinear coherent media

R. G. Ghulghazaryan, Yu. P. Malakyan

摘要:

从理论上研究了负群速度光脉冲在非线性介质中的传输。我们表明,这些效果是可观察到的必要条件是实现在一个三能级$Λ$系统与线偏振激光束在静态磁场的存在下相互作用。在低功率区,当所有其它非线性过程都可以忽略时,光诱导塞曼相干几乎完全抵消了介质的共振吸收,但保留了反常的和非常高的色散。结果,可以观察到超光速光脉冲传播,在这个意义上,透射脉冲的峰值在入射脉冲的峰值进入之前离开介质。没有违反因果关系和能量守恒。此外,超光速效应主要表现在脉冲的整形,这是由强度依赖的脉冲速度所引起的。与具有正常色散的非线性介质中的冲击波形成不同,在这里,由于脉冲的更强部分行进得更慢的事实,发生脉冲后缘的自陡化。在研究非线性磁光旋转的已知方案中,可以很容易地观察到所预言的效应。从脉冲自陡和群超前时间可观测且不存在群速度色散引起的脉冲畸变的判据出发,得到了样本长度的上界。

英文摘要:

The propagation of light-pulse with negative group-velocity in a nonlinear medium is studied theoretically. We show that the necessary conditions for these effects to be observable are realized in a three-level $Λ$-system interacting with a linearly polarized laser beam in the presence of a static magnetic field. In low power regime, when all other nonlinear processes are negligible, the light-induced Zeeman coherence cancels the resonant absorption of the medium almost completely, but preserves the dispersion anomalous and very high. As a result, a superluminal light pulse propagation can be observed in the sense that the peak of the transmitted pulse exits the medium before the peak of the incident pulse enters. There is no violation of causality and energy conservation. Moreover, the superluminal effects are prominently manifested in the reshaping of pulse, which is caused by the intensity-dependent pulse velocity. Unlike the shock wave formation in a nonlinear medium with normal dispersion, here, the self-steepening of the pulse trailing edge takes place due to the fact that the more intense parts of the pulse travel slower. The predicted effect can be easily observed in the well known schemes employed for studying of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation. The upper bound of sample length is found from the criterion that the pulse self-steepening and group-advance time are observable without pulse distortion caused by the group-velocity dispersion.

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