原子激发态的自发发射率
Spontaneous emission rate of an excited atom placed near a nanofiber
摘要：
研究了介质柱附近激发态原子的自发衰变率。一个特别注意的情况下，当圆柱体的半径是小的辐射波长相比（光子晶体或光子线）。在这种情况下，导出了不同偶极子取向下跃迁速率的解析表达式。结果表明，原子的偶极动量与光子的准静态相互作用对衰变率的贡献是主要的，而导模的贡献是指数小的。相反，当光纤半径仅略小于辐射波长时，导模的影响会很大。所得结果与介电纳米球体和理想导线的情况进行了比较。
英文摘要：
The spontaneous decay rates of an excited atom placed near a dielectric cylinder are investigated. A special attention is paid to the case when the cylinder radius is small in comparison with radiation wavelength (nanofiber or photonic wire). In this case, the analytical expressions of the transition rates for different orientations of dipole are derived. It is shown that the main contribution to decay rates is due to quasistatic interaction of atom dipole momentum with nanofiber and the contributions of guided modes are exponentially small. On the contrary, in the case when the radius of fiber is only slightly less than radiation wavelength, the influence of guided modes can be substantial. The results obtained are compared with the case of dielectric nanospheroid and ideally conducting wire.
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