光学衍射-渡越辐射干涉术及其在光束发散度测量中的应用
Optical Diffraction-Transition Radiation Interferometry and its Application to the Measurement of Beam Divergence
摘要：
光学渡越辐射干涉术（OTRI）已被证明是测量能量在15-100 MeV范围内的电子束发散角的一种非常有用的技术。然而，这种方法的应用，以低能量或非常高的质量光束是有限的散射在前箔的干涉仪。为了克服这一限制，我们建议使用穿孔的前箔。对于我们所考虑的束流能量和孔尺寸，未散射的束流电子通过孔将产生衍射辐射（ODR）。从第一和第二箔产生的总辐射然后将是来自未散射和散射电子的ODR和OTR的空间相干总和。通过控制穿孔的数量和尺寸、箔间间距、第一箔的厚度以及观察到的辐射的波长和带通，可以隔离和观察由于光束的未散射部分引起的相干干涉。这些干涉的可见性然后可以用于确定均方根光束发散。我们已经开发了一个通用的计算机代码，它可以用来计算衍射辐射从任何类型的穿孔和另一个代码计算ODR-OTR干涉图案为一组给定的光束和光学参数。这些代码中采用的干涉仪的设计，以测量工作在30 MeV的ATF加速器的发散。该光束将用于ODR-OTR干涉仪原理实验的初步验证。我们提出了我们的代码计算的结果表明，预期的发散，200微弧度，可以很容易地测量。
英文摘要：
Optical transition radiation interferometry (OTRI) has been shown to be a very useful technique to measure the divergence of electron beams with energies in the range of 15-100 MeV. However, application of this method to low energy or very high quality beams is limited by scattering in the front foil of the interferometer. To overcome this limitation we propose to use a perforated front foil. For the beam energy and hole sizes we are considering, the unscattered beam electrons passing through the holes will produce diffraction radiation (ODR). The total radiation produced from the first and second foils then will be a spatially coherent sum of ODR and OTR from unscattered and scattered electrons. By controlling the number and size of the perforations, the inter-foil spacing, the thickness of the first foil and the wavelength and band pass of the observed radiation, the coherent interferences due to the unscattered portion of the beam can be isolated and observed. The visibility of these interferences can then be used to determine the rms beam divergence. We have developed a general computer code which can be used to calculate diffraction radiation from any type of perforation and another code to compute the ODR-OTR interference pattern for a given set of beam and optical parameters. These codes are employed in the design of an interferometer to measure the divergence of the ATF accelerator operating at 30 MeV. This beam will be used in an initial proof of principle experiment for the ODR-OTR interferometer. We present the results of our code calculations which show that the expected divergence, 200 micro radians, can be easily measured.
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