破伤风疫苗接种对慢性感染HIV患者的影响建模
Modeling the effects of tetanus vaccination on chronically infected HIV patients
摘要：
T细胞活化在HIV-1感染的起始和传播中起关键作用，然而免疫系统的瞬时活化是对免疫的正常应答。在这项研究中，我们扩展了一个简单的艾滋病毒感染模型，包括T细胞激活疫苗接种。然后，我们表明，该模型可以重现Stanley等人观察和报告的破伤风免疫后病毒载量上升的许多但不是全部特征，[N. Engl. J. Med.，334：1222- 1230（1996）]。免疫后最大病毒血症的振幅和大致时间在9/12例中匹配;在具有几乎相等振幅的双峰的患者中，较晚的峰匹配。在病毒血症中具有单个早期峰值的患者最适合具有相对高的抗原清除率常数，而在病毒血症中具有相等或几乎相等幅度的早期和晚期峰值的患者最适合具有低得多的清除率。清除率可能取决于预先存在的抗体水平，而预先存在的抗体水平又可能取决于研究中的个体接受既往破伤风疫苗接种的时间。
英文摘要：
T-cell activation plays a critical role in the initiation and propagation of HIV-1 infection and yet transient activation of the immune system is a normal response to immunization. In this study we extend a simple of model of HIV infection to include T cell activation by vaccination. We then show that the model can reproduce many but not all of the features of the post-tetanus immunization rise in viral load observed and reported on by Stanley et al., [N. Engl. J. Med., 334:1222--1230 (1996)]. Amplitudes and approximate timing of post-immunization maximum viremia were matched in nine of twelve cases; in patients with double peaks of nearly equal amplitude the later peaks were matched. Patients with single early peaks in their viremia were best fit with relatively high antigen clearance rate constants, while patients with early and late peaks in viremia of equal or nearly equal amplitude were best-fit with much lower clearance rates. The rate of clearance may depend on the level of pre-existing antibody, which in turn would be expected to depend on the time since the individual under study received a previous tetanus vaccination.
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