听觉信息加工中的优化问题
On Optimality in Auditory Information Processing
摘要：
我们研究限制弱正弦信号的检测和估计在哺乳动物听觉系统的主要部分，使用随机Fitzhugh-Nagumo（FHN）模型和突触可塑性的动作-反应模型。我们的整体模型涵盖了从毛细胞到与耳蜗核细胞突触连接后的点的链。系统的信息处理性能的评估使用所谓的Φ发散从统计量化之间的不相似性的概率措施，并密切相关的统计和信息论（IT）的一些基本限制。我们发现，存在一组参数，可以同时优化几个重要的Φ发散，这组对应于一个恒定的静态放电率（QFR）的螺旋神经节神经元。QFR的最佳值是频率相关的，但基本上与信号的幅度无关（对于小幅度）。因此，当且仅当参数被"调谐“到对应于一个且相同的QFR的值时，可以为该模型完成根据几个标准IT准则的最佳处理。这为QFR提供了一个新的解释，并且可以为外周听觉系统的其他几个参数所起的作用提供新的见解。
英文摘要：
We study limits for the detection and estimation of weak sinusoidal signals in the primary part of the mammalian auditory system using a stochastic Fitzhugh-Nagumo (FHN) model and an action-reaction model for synaptic plasticity. Our overall model covers the chain from a hair cell to a point just after the synaptic connection with a cell in the cochlear nucleus. The information processing performance of the system is evaluated using so called phi-divergences from statistics which quantify a dissimilarity between probability measures and are intimately related to a number of fundamental limits in statistics and information theory (IT). We show that there exists a set of parameters that can optimize several important phi-divergences simultaneously and that this set corresponds to a constant quiescent firing rate (QFR) of the spiral ganglion neuron. The optimal value of the QFR is frequency dependent but is essentially independent of the amplitude of the signal (for small amplitudes). Consequently, optimal processing according to several standard IT criteria can be accomplished for this model if and only if the parameters are ``tuned'' to values that correspond to one and the same QFR. This offers a new explanation for the QFR and can provide new insight into the role played by several other parameters of the peripheral auditory system.
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