Energy Absorber R&D
Daniel M. Kaplan, Edgar L. Black, Kevin W. Cassel, Mary Anne Cummings
我们描述的研究和开发计划正在进行的一个财团的伊利诺伊大学集团开发液态氢能量吸收器的μ子束冷却的可能存储μ子束中微子工厂。
We describe the program of research and development being undertaken by a consortium of Illinois university groups to develop liquid-hydrogen energy absorbers for muon-beam cooling for a possible stored-muon-beam neutrino factory.
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Mechanical Design of a High Energy Beam Absorber for the Advanced Superconducting Test Accelerator (ASTA) at Fermilab
为费米实验室的先进超导试验加速器（ASTA）建造了一个高能束流吸收器。在该设施的初始配置中，电子束将通过3个TTF型或ILC型RF低温模块加速到750 MeV的能量。电子束将被引导到多个下游实验和诊断束线之一，然后沉积在两个束吸收器之一中。该设施的设计可容纳多达6个低温模块，这将产生一个75千瓦的1.5 GeV束流;这是束流吸收器的驱动设计条件。光束吸收器由水冷石墨、铝和铜层组成，这些层包含在充满氦气的外壳中。本文介绍了梁式吸收器的机械实现，重点是热设计和分析。此外，辐射诱导的石墨降解的潜力进行了讨论。
Low energy muon experiments such as mu2e and g-2 have a limited energy spread acceptance. Following techniques developed in muon cooling studies and the MICE experiment, the number of muons within the desired energy spread can be increased by the matched use of wedge absorbers. More generally, the phase space of muon beams can be manipulated by absorbers in beam transport lines. Applications with simulation results are presented.
A high-energy muon collider scenario requires a final cooling system that reduces transverse emittance to ~25 microns (normalized) while allowing longitudinal emittance increase. Ionization cooling using high-field solenoids (or Li Lens) can reduce transverse emittances to ~100 microns in readily achievable configurations, confirmed by simulation. Passing these muon beams at ~100 MeV/c through cm-sized diamond wedges can reduce transverse emittances to ~25 microns, while increasing longitudinal emittances by a factor of ~25. Implementation will require optical matching of the exiting beam into…
Results of detailed Monte Carlo energy deposition and radiological studies performed for the LBNF hadron absorber with the MARS15 code are described. The model of the entire facility, that includes a pion-production target, focusing horns, target chase, decay channel, hadron absorber system - all with corresponding radiation shielding - was developed using the recently implemented ROOT-based geometry option in the MARS15 code. Both normal operation and accidental conditions were studied. Results of detailed thermal calculations with the ANSYS code helped to select the most viable design option…
Results of detailed Monte Carlo energy deposition studies performed for the LBNE absorber core and the surrounding shielding with the MARS15 code are described. The model of the entire facility, that includes a pion-production target, focusing horns, target chase, decay channel, hadron absorber system -- all with corresponding radiation shielding -- was developed using the recently implemented ROOT-based geometry option in the MARS15 code. This option provides substantial flexibility and automation when developing complex geometry models. Both normal operation and accidental conditions were st…
One of the goals of the PXIE program at Fermilab is to demonstrate the capability to form an arbitrary bunch pattern from an initially CW 162.5 MHz H- bunch train coming out of an RFQ. The bunch-by-bunch selection will take place in the 2.1 MeV Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) by directing the undesired bunches onto an absorber that needs to withstand a beam power of up to 21 kW, focused onto a spot with a ~2 mm rms radius. Two prototypes of the absorber were manufactured from molybdenum alloy TZM and tested with a 28 keV DC electron beam up to the peak surface power density required for PX…
One of the goals of the PXIE program at Fermilab is to demonstrate the capability to form an arbitrary bunch pattern from an initially CW 162.5 MHz H^{-} bunch train coming out of an RFQ. The bunch-by-bunch selection will take place in the 2.1 MeV Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) by directing the undesired bunches onto an absorber that needs to withstand a beam power of up to 21 kW, focused onto a spot with a ~2 mm rms radius. A prototype of the absorber was manufactured from molybdenum alloy TZM, and tested with an electron beam up to the peak surface power density required for PXIE, 17W/m…
Progress in Absorber R&D 2: Windows
一个计划正在进行中，以发展液态氢能量吸收器的离子化冷却的μ子束的横向发射。最大限度地减少多重散射引起的光束加热需要薄窗口。第一个窗口原型已经过破坏性测试，验证了有限元分析模型和设计方法。
Progress in Absorber R&D for Muon Cooling
储存μ子束的中微子工厂可能需要对μ子束进行横向电离冷却。我们描述了最近的研究和发展的能量吸收器的μ子束冷却的大学和实验室团体的合作进行的进展。
The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) has measured the evolution of emittance due to ionization energy loss. Muons were focused onto an absorber using a large aperture solenoid. Lithium-hydride and liquid hydrogen- absorbers have been studied. Diagnostic devices were placed upstream and downstream of the focus, enabling the phase- space coordinates of individual muons to be reconstructed. By observing the properties of ensembles of muons, the change in beam emittance was measured. Data taken during 2016 and 2017 are currently under study to evaluate the change in emittance due to the a…
The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) has been built at the STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory to demonstrate the principle of muon beam phase-space reduction via ionization cooling. Muon beam cooling will be required at a future proton-derived neutrino factory or muon collider. Ionization cooling is achieved by passing the beam through an energy-absorbing material, such as liquid hydrogen, and then re-accelerating the beam using RF cavities. This paper describes the hydrogen system constructed for MICE including: the liquid-hydrogen absorber, its associated cryogenic and gas systems,…
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