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arXiv physics/0007041physics.geo-ph
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地震产生的冲击声波

The shock-acoustic waves generated by earthquakes

E. L. Afraimovich, N. P. Perevalova, A. V. Plotnikov, A. M. Uralov

摘要:

我们研究地震产生的冲击声波的形式和动力学。我们使用的方法来检测和定位电离层脉冲干扰的来源,使用的数据从全球网络的GPS导航系统的接收器,并不需要先验信息的相关影响的时间和地点。该方法的实际实施说明了在土耳其(1999年8月17日和11月12日),在苏门答腊南部(2000年6月4日),和中美洲海岸(2001年1月13日)的地震影响的案例研究。结果发现,在所有情况下,电离层响应的时间周期是180-390 s,振幅超过了至少两倍的标准差的背景波动的总电子含量在这个范围内的周期在安静和温和的地磁条件。波矢量的仰角在20-44度范围内变化,相速度(1100-1300 m/s)接近电离层F区最大高度处的声速。计算出的震源位置(通过忽略折射修正)大致对应于震中。我们的数据与目前的观点是一致的,即冲击声波是由地球表面在震中区的活塞式运动引起的。

英文摘要:

We investigate the form and dynamics of shock-acoustic waves generated by earthquakes. We use the method for detecting and locating the sources of ionospheric impulsive disturbances, based on using data from a global network of receivers of the GPS navigation system and requiring no a priori information about the place and time of associated effects. The practical implementation of the method is illustrated by a case study of earthquake effects in Turkey (August 17, and November 12, 1999), in Southern Sumatera (June 4, 2000), and off the coast of Central America (January 13, 2001). It was found that in all instances the time period of the ionospheric response is 180-390 s, and the amplitude exceeds by a factor of two as a minimum the standard deviation of background fluctuations in total electron content in this range of periods under quiet and moderate geomagnetic conditions. The elevation of the wave vector varies through a range of 20-44 degree, and the phase velocity (1100-1300 m/s) approaches the sound velocity at the heights of the ionospheric F-region maximum. The calculated (by neglecting refraction corrections) location of the source roughly corresponds to the earthquake epicenter. Our data are consistent with the present views that shock-acoustic waves are caused by a piston-like movement of the Earth surface in the zone of an earthquake epicenter.

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