强烈喷流和木星大红斑作为最大熵结构的出现
Emergence of intense jets and Jupiter Great Red Spot as maximum entropy structures
摘要：
我们解释了强烈的射流在高度湍流的行星大气，如木星上的出现和鲁棒性，通过统计力学的一般方法的位涡补丁。其思想是，位涡混合导致形成稳定的有组织的粗粒流，对应于统计平衡态。我们的出发点是准地转1-1/2层模式，我们认为一个小的Rossby变形半径的相关限制。然后得到窄射流，像Rossby变形半径一样缩放。这些喷流可以是纬向的，也可以是封闭成一个环绕涡旋的环。考虑到β效应和底层深层剪切流的影响，我们预测的湍流大气层的组织成一个椭圆形的旋涡中的背景剪切。这样一个孤立的涡集中在等效地形的极值上（由深层剪切流和β效应决定）。这一预测与主要木星涡旋（大红斑和椭圆形BC）的风数据分析一致。
英文摘要：
We explain the emergence and robustness of intense jets in highly turbulent planetary atmospheres, like on Jupiter, by a general approach of statistical mechanics of potential vorticity patches. The idea is that potential vorticity mixing leads to the formation of a steady organized coarse grained flow, corresponding to the statistical equilibrium state. Our starting point is the quasi-geostrophic 1-1/2 layer model, and we consider the relevant limit of a small Rossby radius of deformation. Then narrow jets are obtained, scaling like the Rossby radius of deformation. These jets can be either zonal, or closed into a ring bounding a vortex. Taking into account the effect of the beta effect and a sublayer deep shear flow, we predict an organization of the turbulent atmospheric layer into an oval-shaped vortex amidst a background shear. Such an isolated vortex is centered over an extremum of the equivalent topography (determined by the deep shear flow and beta-effect). This prediction is in agreement with analysis of wind data in major Jovian vortices (Great Red Spot and Oval BC).
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