稀玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中的约瑟夫森效应
Josephson effects in dilute Bose-Einstein condensates
摘要：
我们提出了一个实验，将证明在两个弱连接的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的“dc”和“ac”约瑟夫森效应。我们考虑一个随时间变化的势垒，在捕获电位上移动。相动力学由“驱动电流”方程控制，如电流驱动的超导约瑟夫森结。在势垒的临界速度（与临界隧穿电流成比例）处，在"dc“和”ac“状态之间存在急剧的过渡。其特征是相对凝聚态总量的一大部分突然跳跃。分析预测与时间相关的Gross-Pitaevskii方程的完整数值解相比，在实验现实的情况下。
英文摘要：
We propose an experiment that would demonstrate the ``dc'' and ``ac'' Josephson effects in two weakly linked Bose-Einstein condensates. We consider a time-dependent barrier, moving adiabatically across the trapping potential. The phase dynamics are governed by a ``driven-pendulum'' equation, as in current-driven superconducting Josephson junctions. At a critical velocity of the barrier (proportional to the critical tunneling current), there is a sharp transition between the ``dc'' and ``ac'' regimes. The signature is a sudden jump of a large fraction of the relative condensate population. Analytical predictions are compared with a full numerical solution of the time dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation, in an experimentally realistic situation.
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