arXiv patt-sol/93030031993-03-23patt-solnlin.PS

孤子与长约瑟夫森结

Solitons and Long Josephson Junctions

R. D. Parmentier

备注：: A tutorial review presented at the NATO ASI "The New Supercon- ducting Electronics", Waterville Valley, NH, USA, August 1992. 25 pages, 5 figures (not included). Uses: natokap.sty(included), nato11.sty(included), fleqn.sty. Figures available from author via fax (+39 89 953804) or snail-mail (PostScript versions not available - sorry)

摘要：

在长约瑟夫森结中，磁通量为h/2 e的量子表现为（准）孤子。磁通子的动力学状态可以用微扰sine-Gordon方程模型来描述，边界条件由结的几何形状和外加磁场来决定，它们会引起容易测量的物理现象，如电流-电压特性的阶跃结构和微波辐射发射。基于磁通量传播的设备提供了潜在的有趣的应用，如振荡器和放大器-以及数字applica- tions，在本卷其他地方描述-在高性能集成电路。

英文摘要：

Magnetic flux quanta, of value h/2e, in long Josephson junctions behave as (quasi) solitons. Fluxon dynamical states are well described by a perturbed sine-Gordon equation model, with boundary conditions determined by the junction geometry and by externally applied magnetic fields, and they give rise to readily measurable physical phenomena, such as step structure in current-voltage characteristics and microwave radiation emission. Devices based on fluxon propagation offer potentially interesting applications as oscillators and amplifiers - as well as digital applica- tions, described elsewhere in this volume - in high performance integrated superconductive circuits.

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