Myrto Kallipoliti, Panos Papasoglu
We show that locally connected, simply connected homogeneous continua are not separated by arcs. We ask several questions about homogeneous continua which are inspired by analogous questions in geometric group theory.
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We prove that if $X$ is a strongly locally homogeneous and locally compact separable metric space and $G$ is a region in $X$ with $\dim G=2$, then $G$ is not separated by any arc in $G$.
We show that the Cartesian product of the arc and a solenoid has the fupcon property, therefore answering a question raised by Illanes. This combined with Illanes' result implies that the product of a Knaster continuum and a solenoid has the fupcon property, therefore answering a question raised by Bellamy and Łysko in the affirmative. Finally, we show that a product of two Smith's nonmetric pseudo-arcs has the fupcon property.
Using the topologist sine curve we present a new functorial construction of cone-like spaces, starting in the category of all path-connected topological spaces with a base point and continuous maps, and ending in the subcategory of all simply connected spaces. If one starts by a noncontractible n-dimensional Peano continuum for any n>0, then our construction yields a simply connected noncontractible (n + 1)-dimensional cell-like Peano continuum. In particular, starting with the circle $\mathbb{S}^1$, one gets a noncontractible simply connected cell-like 2-dimensional Peano continuum.
In 1985 M. Smith constructed a nonmetric pseudo-arc; i.e. a Hausdorff homogeneous, hereditary equivalent and hereditary indecomposable continuum. Taking advantage of a decomposition theorem of W. Lewis, he obtained it as a long inverse limit of metric pseudo-arcs with monotone bonding maps. Extending his approach, and the results of Lewis on lifting homeomorphisms, we construct a nonmetric pseudo-circle, and new examples of homogeneous 1-dimensional continua; e.g. a circle and solenoids of nonmetric pseudo-arcs. Among many corollaries we also obtain an analogue of another theorem of Lewis from…
We show that every non-degenerate homogeneous plane continuum is homeomorphic to either the unit circle, the pseudo-arc, or the circle of pseudo-arcs. It follows that any planar homogenous compactum has the form $X \times Z$, where $X$ is a either a point or one of these three homogeneous plane continua, and $Z$ is a finite set or the Cantor set. The main technical result in this paper is a new characterization of the pseudo-arc: a non-degenerate continuum is homeomorphic to the pseudo-arc if and only if it is hereditarily indecomposable and has span zero.
In an exploration paper, {\it L. Chen, Algorithms for Deforming and Contracting Simply Connected Discrete Closed Manifolds (I)}, we designed algorithms for deforming and contracting a simply connected discrete closed manifold to a discrete sphere. However, the algorithms could not guarantee to be applicable to every case. This paper will be the continuation of the exploration. This paper contains two main procedures: (1) A shrinking procedure to contract a simply connected closed manifold. Unlike ones in the previous paper, we added a tree structure to support the process. (2) A more direct pr…
Several authors have recently attempted to show that the intersection of three simply connected subcontinua of the plane is simply connected provided it is non-empty and the intersection of each two of the continua is path connected. In this note we give a very short complete proof of this fact. We also confirm a related conjecture of Karimov and Repovs.
In our earlier papers we constructed examples of 2-dimensional nonaspherical simply-connected cell-like Peano continua, called {\sl Snake space}. In the sequel we introduced the functor $SC(-,-)$ defined on the category of all spaces with base points and continuous mappings. For the circle $S^1$, the space $SC(S^1, \ast)$ is a Snake space. In the present paper we study the higher-dimensional homology and homotopy properties of the spaces $SC(Z, \ast)$ for any path-connected compact spaces $Z$.
We prove the following result announced in Todorov and Valov: Any homogeneous, metric $ANR$-continuum is a $V^n_G$-continuum provided $\dim_GX=n\geq 1$ and $\check{H}^n(X;G)\neq 0$, where $G$ is a principal ideal domain. This implies that any homogeneous $n$-dimensional metric $ANR$-continuum with $\check{H}^n(X;G)\neq 0$ is a $V^n$-continuum in the sense of Alexandroff (1957). We also prove that any finite-dimensional homogeneous metric continuum $X$, satisfying $\check{H}^n(X;G)\neq 0$ for some group $G$ and $n\geq 1$, cannot be separated by a compactum $K$ with $\check{H}^{n-1}(K;G)=0$ and …
We construct a functor $AC(-,-)$ from the category of path connected spaces $X$ with a base point $x$ to the category of simply connected spaces. The following are the main results of the paper: (i) If $X$ is a Peano continuum then $AC(X,x)$ is a cell-like Peano continuum; (ii) If $X$ is $n-$dimensional then $AC(X, x)$ is $(n+1)-$dimensional; and (iii) For a path connected space $X$, $π_1(X,x)$ is trivial if and only if $π_2(AC(X, x))$ is trivial. As a corollary, $AC(S^1, x)$ is a 2-dimensional nonaspherical cell-like Peano continuum.
The Complexity of Connectedness Relations on Polish Spaces
本文研究了波兰空间上三种连通性关系的复杂性，发现弧连通关系具有低复杂性，而连续统连通关系则具有更高复杂性。
In our earlier paper (K. Eda, U. Karimov, and D. Repovš, \emph{A construction of simply connected noncontractible cell-like two-dimensional Peano continua}, Fund. Math. \textbf{195} (2007), 193--203) we introduced a cone-like space $SC(Z)$. In the present note we establish some new algebraic properties of $SC(Z)$.
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