异质环境中专家与通才竞争的空间显式模型
A spatially explicit model for competition among specialists and generalists in a heterogeneous environment
摘要：
竞争是构建生态群落的主要力量。竞争的强度可以用利基的概念来衡量。生态位包括生物体在生境、环境和功能作用方面的一系列要求。利基重叠越多，竞争就越激烈。生态位宽度是一种专门化的度量：一个生物体的生态位空间越小，这个生物体就越专门化。由此可见，在其他条件相同的情况下，通才往往比专才更具竞争力。在本文中，我们比较的结果之间的竞争通才和专家在一个空间与非空间栖息地的异质环境。通才可以利用整个栖息地，而专家仅限于他们喜欢的栖息地类型。我们发现，虽然专业化的竞争力下降，专家更有竞争力的空间比在非空间栖息地的斑块增加。
英文摘要：
Competition is a major force in structuring ecological communities. The strength of competition can be measured using the concept of a niche. A niche comprises the set of requirements of an organism in terms of habitat, environment and functional role. The more niches overlap, the stronger competition is. The niche breadth is a measure of specialization: the smaller the niche space of an organism, the more specialized the organism is. It follows that, everything else being equal, generalists tend to be more competitive than specialists. In this paper, we compare the outcome of competition among generalists and specialists in a spatial versus a nonspatial habitat in a heterogeneous environment. Generalists can utilize the entire habitat, whereas specialists are restricted to their preferred habitat type. We find that although competitiveness decreases with specialization, specialists are more competitive in a spatial than in a nonspatial habitat as patchiness increases.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
