On Problems Related to Primes: Some Ideas

英文摘要：

We present some new ideas on important problems related to primes. The topics of our discussion are: simple formulae for primes, twin primes, Sophie Germain primes, prime tuples less than or equal to a predefined number, and their infinitude; establishment of a kind of similarity between natural numbers and numbers that appear in an arithmetic progression, similar formulae for primes and the so called generalized twin primes in an arithmetic progression and their infinitude; generalization of Bertrand postulate and a Bertrand like postulate for twin primes; some elementary implications of a simple primality test, the use of Chinese remainder theorem in a possible proof of the Goldbach conjecture; Schinzel Sierpinski conjecture; and the Mersenne primes and composites, Fermat primes and their infinitude. Lastly we define other twin primes and provide a simple argument in support of their infinitude.