Thom Sulanke
We give the complete list of the 29 irreducible triangulations of the Klein bottle. We show how the construction of Lawrencenko and Negami, which listed only 25 such irreducible triangulations, can be modified at two points to produce the 4 additional irreducible triangulations of the Klein bottle.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
继续探索
We found that Lemma 6.3 in the paper ``The crossing number of $K_{4,n}$ on the torus and the Klein bottle" is wrong.
We prove that two disjoint graphs must always be drawn separately on the Klein bottle, in order to minimize the crossing number of the whole drawing.
We exhibit an explicit list of nine graphs such that a graph drawn in the Klein bottle is 5-colorable if and only if it has no subgraph isomorphic to a member of the list.
For a graph $G = (V, E)$ embedded in the Klein bottle, let $\mathcal{F}(G)$ denote the set of faces of $G$. Then, $G$ is called a $C_k$-face-magic Klein bottle graph if there exists a bijection $f: V(G) \to \{1, 2, \dots, |V(G)|\}$ such that for any $F \in \mathcal{F}(G)$ with $F \cong C_k$, the sum of all the vertex labelings along $C_k$ is a constant $S$. Let $x_v =f(v)$ for all $v\in V(G)$. We call $\{x_v : v\in V(G)\}$ a $C_k$-face-magic Klein bottle labeling on $G$. We consider the $m \times n$ grid graph, denoted by $\mathcal{K}_{m,n}$, embedded in the Klein bottle in the natural way. We…
The structure of graphs with a 2-vertex-cut that are critical with respect to the Euler genus is studied. A general theorem describing the building blocks is presented. These constituents, called hoppers and cascades, are classified for the case when Euler genus is small. As a consequence, the complete list of obstructions of connectivity 2 for embedding graphs into the Klein bottle is obtained.
The $k$-semi equivelar maps, for $k \geq 2$, are generalizations of maps on the surfaces of Johnson solids to closed surfaces other than the 2-sphere. In the present study, we determine 2-semi equivelar maps of curvature 0 exhaustively on the torus and the Klein bottle. Furthermore, we classify (up to isomorphism) all these 2-semi equivelar maps on the surfaces with up to 12 vertices.
We propose an algorithm for obtaining the common transfer digraph $ D^*_m$ for enumeration of 2-factors in graphs from the title all of which with $m n$ vertices ($m, n \in N, m >1 $). The numerical data gathered for $m <19$ reveal some matchings of the numbers of 2-factors for different types of torus or Klein bottle. In latter case we conjecture that these numbers are invariant under twisting.
Graphs that are critical (minimal excluded minors) for embeddability in surfaces are studied. In Part I, it was shown that graphs that are critical for embeddings into surfaces of Euler genus $k$ or for embeddings into nonorientable surface of genus $k$ are built from 3-connected components, called hoppers and cascades. In Part II, all cascades for Euler genus 2 are classified. As a consequence, the complete list of obstructions of connectivity 2 for embedding graphs into the Klein bottle is obtained.
Graphs that are critical (minimal excluded minors) for embeddability in surfaces are studied. In Part I we consider the structure of graphs with a 2-vertex-cut that are critical with respect to the Euler genus. A general theorem describing the building blocks is presented. These constituents, called hoppers and cascades, are classified for the case when Euler genus is small. As a consequence, the complete list of obstructions of connectivity 2 for embedding graphs into the Klein bottle is obtained. This is the first complete result about obstructions for embeddability of graphs in the Klein bo…
The 2-Cops-Move Cop Number of Graphs on the Torus, Klein Bottle, and Projective Plane
研究环面、克莱因瓶和射影平面上的图的2-警察移动抓捕数，证明此类图满足\(c_2(G)\leq3\)，扩展了平面图相关结果。
C4-face-magic labeling on a 4x4 Klein bottle grid graph
研究嵌入 Klein 瓶的 4x4 网格图的 C4-面幻标号，证明了在对称性下存在 192 种标号，并按水平或垂直成对平衡分类。
We prove that the transfer digraph ${\cal D}^*_{C,m}$ needed for the enumeration of 2-factors in the thin cylinder $TnC_{m}(n)$, torus $TG_{m}(n)$ and Klein bottle $KB_m(n)$ (all grid graphs of the fixed width $m$ and with $m \cdot n$ vertices), when $m$ is odd, has only two components of order $2^{m-1}$ which are isomorphic. When $m$ is even, ${\cal D}^*_{C,m}$ has $ \left\lfloor \frac{m}{2} \right\rfloor + 1$ components which orders can be expressed via binomial coefficients and all but one of the components are bipartite digraphs. The proof is based on the application of recently obtained r…
$\ell_{1}$-Embeddability of Regular Quadrilateral Maps on the Torus and the Klein Bottle
本文对环面和克莱因瓶上的正则四边形映射给出了 $\ell_1$-可嵌入性的完整参数级分类，精确刻画了五个族中可嵌入的具体参数，并证明其余均不可嵌入。
We present enumerations of a class of maps on Klein bottle which give rise to semi-equivelar maps. Semi-equivelar maps are generalizations of equivelar maps. There are eleven types of semi-equivelar maps on the Klein bottle. These are of the types $\{3^{6}\}$, $\{4^{4}\}$, $\{6^{3}\}$, $\{3^{3},$ $4^{2}\}$, $\{3^{2},$ $4,$ $3,$ $4\}$, $\{3,$ $6,$ $3,$ $6\}$, $\{3^{4}, 6\}$, $\{4,$ $8^{2}\}$, $\{3, 12^{2}\}$, $\{4,$ $6,$ $12\}$, $\{3,$ $4,$ $6,$ $4\}$. In this article, we attempt to classify these maps.
In this paper, we study visibility representations of graphs that are embedded on a torus or a Klein bottle. Mohar and Rosenstiehl showed that any toroidal graph has a visibility representation on a flat torus bounded by a parallelogram, but left open the question whether one can assume a rectangular flat torus, i.e., a flat torus bounded by a rectangle. Independently the same question was asked by Tamassia and Tollis. We answer this question in the positive. With the same technique, we can also show that any graph embedded on a Klein bottle has a visibility representation on the rectangular f…
Let $\bar{P}$ be a sequence of length $2n$ in which each element of $\{1,2,...,n\}$ occurs twice. Let $P'$ be a closed curve in a closed surface $S$ having $n$ points of simple auto-intersections, inducing a 4-regular graph embedded in $S$ which is 2-face colorable. If the sequence of auto-intersections along $P'$ is given by $\bar{P}$, we say that is a {\em $P'$ 2-face colorable solution for the Gauss Code $\bar{P}$ on surface $S$} or a {\em lacet for $\bar{P}$ on $S$}. In this paper we present a necessary and sufficient condition yielding these solutions when $S$ is Klein bottle. The conditi…
The geodesic complexity of a metric space X is the smallest k for which there is a partition of X x X into ENRs E_0,...,E_k on each of which there is a continuous choice of minimal geodesic sigma(x_0,x_1) from x_0 to x_1. We prove that the geodesic complexity of an n-dimensional Klein bottle equals 2n. Its topological complexity remains unknown for n>2.
Semi-Equivelar maps are generalizations of maps on the surfaces of Archimedean solids to surfaces other than the $2$-sphere. The well known 11 types of normal tilings of the plane suggest the possible types of semi-equivelar maps on the torus and the Klein bottle. In this article we classify (up to isomorphism) semi-equivelar maps on the torus and the Klein bottle with few vertices.
Closed-form expressions are obtained for the generating function of close-packed dimers on a $2M \times 2N$ simple quartic lattice embedded on a Möbius strip and a Klein bottle. Finite-size corrections are also analyzed and compared with those under cylindrical and free boundary conditions. Particularly, it is found that, for large lattices of the same size and with a square symmetry, the number of dimer configurations on a Möbius strip is 70.2% of that on a cylinder. We also establish two identities relating dimer generating functions for Möbius strips and cylinders.
We prove that every triangulation of either of the torus, projective plane and Klein bottle, contains a vertex-spanning planar Laman graph as a subcomplex. Invoking a result of Kir{á}ly, we conclude that every $1$-skeleton of a triangulation of a surface of nonnegative Euler characteristic has a rigid realization in the plane using at most 26 locations for the vertices.
Closed-form expressions are obtained for the partition function of the Ising model on an M x N simple-quartic lattice embedded on a Moebius strip and a Klein bottle for finite M and N. The finite-size effects at criticality are analyzed and compared with those under cylindrical and toroidal boundary conditions. Our analysis confirms that the central charge is c=1/2.
Morse functions with regular level sets consisting of $2$-dimensional spheres, $2$-dimensional tori, or Klein Bottles
研究3维闭 manifold 上由球面、环面或克莱因瓶构成的正则水平集的莫尔斯函数，扩展了Saeki 2006年的可定向情况，并分类了具有给定正则水平集的莫尔斯函数。
Via a computer search, Altshuler and Steinberg found that there are 1296 +1 combinatorial 3-manifolds on nine vertices, of which only one is non-sphere. This exceptional 3-manifold $K^{3}_{9}$ triangulates the twisted $S^{2}$-bundle over $S^{1}$. It was first constructed by Walkup. In this paper, we present a computer-free proof of the uniqueness of this non-sphere combinatorial 3-manifold. As opposed to the computer-generated proof, ours does not require wading through all the 9-vertex 3-spheres. As a preliminary result, we also show that any 9-vertex combinatorial 3-manifold is equivalent by…
扫码添加微信好友，提出您的宝贵建议 👇
💡 备注请填写：网站反馈
发表机构由 AI 从论文文本抽取，如发现错误，欢迎反馈修正建议。