Littelmann paths and brownian paths

Littelmann paths for the basic representation of an affine Lie algebra

We give a new model for the crystal graphs of an affine Lie algebra g^, combining Littelmann's path model with the Kyoto path model. The vertices of the crystal graph are represented by certain infinitely looping paths which we call skeins. We apply this model to the case when the corresponding finite-dimensional algebra g has a minuscule representation (classical type and E_6, E_7). We prove that the basic level-one representation of g^, when considered as a representation of g, is an infinite tensor product of fundamental representations of g. A similar tensor product phenomenon holds for ce…

Composantes PRV généralisées et chemins de Littelmann

We give a sufficient condition for a Littelmann path to represent a vector of extremal weight of an integrable irreducible highest weight representation of a symmetrisable Kac-Moody algebra. Thanks to this condition we present, in a more general context, an alternative proof of recent result by Boris Pasquier, Nicolas Ressayre and the author of this article on the existence of generalized PRV components.

Admissible subsets and Littelmann paths in affine Kazhdan-Lusztig theory

The center of an extended affine Hecke algebra is known to be isomorphic to the ring of symmetric functions associated to the underlying finite Weyl group $W\_0$. The set of Weyl characters ${\sf s}\_\la$ forms a basis of the center and Lusztig showed in [Lus15] that these characters act as translations on the Kazhdan-Lusztig basis element $C\_{w\_0}$ where $w\_0$ is the longest element of $W\_0$, that is we have $C\_{w\_0}{\sf s}\_\la =C\_{w\_0t\_\la}$. As a consequence, the coefficients that appear when decomposing~$C\_{w\_0t\_{\la}}{\sf s}\_τ$ in the Kazhdan-Lusztig basis are tensor multipl…

Kac-Moody groups, hovels and Littelmann's paths

We give the definition of a kind of building I for a symmetrizable Kac-Moody group over a field K endowed with a dicrete valuation and with a residue field containing C. Due to some bad properties, we call this I a hovel. Nevertheless I has some good properties, for example the existence of retractions with center a sector-germ. This enables us to generalize many results proved in the semi-simple case by S. Gaussent and P. Littelmann [Duke Math. J; 127 (2005), 35-88]. In particular, if K= C((t)), the geodesic segments in I, with a given special vertex as end point and a good image under some r…

External Littelmann paths for crystals of type A

For the Kashiwara crystal of a highest weight representation of an affine Lie algebra of type A and rank e, with highest weight $Λ$, there is a labeling by multipartitions and by piecewise linear paths in the real weight space called Littelmann paths. Both labelings are constructed recursively, but since Kashiwara demonstrated that the crystals are isomorphic, there is a bijection between the labels. We choose a multicharge $(k_1,\dots,k_r)$, with $0 \leq k_1\leq k_2....\leq k_r \leq e-1$. We put $k_i$ in the node at the upper left corner of partition $i$ of the multipartition and let the resi…

A study of Kostant-Kumar modules via Littelmann paths

We study, by means of Littelmann's theory of paths, Kostant-Kumar modules (KK modules for short), which by definition are certain submodules of the tensor product of two irreducible integrable highest weight representations of a symmetrizable Kac-Moody algebra. Our main result is an identification of a path model for any KK module as a subset of the well known path model for the tensor product consisting of concatenations of Lakshmibai-Seshadri paths. The technical results about extremal elements in Coxeter groups that we formulate and prove en route and the technique of their proofs should be…

Littelmann path model for geometric crystals

We construct a path model for geometric crystals in the sense of Berenstein and Kazhdan. Our model is in every way similar to Littelmann's and tropicalizes to his path model. This paper lays the foundational material for a subsequent work where we examine the measure induced on geometric crystals by Brownian motion. If we call Berenstein and Kazhdan's realization of geometric crystals the group picture, we prove that the path model projects onto the group picture thanks to a morphism of crystals that restricts to an isomorphism on connected components. This projection is in fact the geometric …

Central measures on multiplicative graphs, representations of Lie algebras and weight polytopes

To each finite-dimensional representation of a simple Lie algebra is associated a multiplicative graph in the sense of Kerov and Vershik definedfrom the decomposition of its tensor powers into irreducible components. The conditioning of naturalrandom Littelmann paths to stay in their corresponding Weyl chamber is thencontrolled by central measures on this type of graphs. Using the K-theory of associated C*-algebras, Handelman established a homeomorphism between the set of central measures on these multiplicative graphs and the weight polytope of theunderlying representation. In the present pap…

Continuous crystals and Duistermaat-Heckman measure for Coxeter groups

We introduce a notion of continuous crystal analogous, for general Coxeter groups, to the combinatorial crystals introduced by Kashiwara in representation theory of Lie algebras. We use a generalization of the Littelmann path model to show the existence of the crystals, and study an associated Duistermaat-Heckman measure, which we interpret in terms of Brownian motion. We also show that the Littelmann path operators can be derived from simple considerations on Sturm-Liouville equations.

Combinatorics in affine flag varieties

The Littelmann path moel gives a realization of the crystals of integrable representations of symmetrizable Kac-Moody Lie algebras. Recent work of Gaussent-Littelmann and others has demonstrated a connection between this model and the geometry of the loop Grassmannian. The alcove walk model is a version of the path model which is intimately connected to the combinatorics of the affine Hecke algebra. In this paper we define a refined alcove walk model which encodes the points of the affine flag variety. We show that this combinatorial indexing naturally indexes the "cells" in generalized Mirkov…

MV多面体与Masures

MV Polytopes and Masures

本文利用Masures框架中的路径模型实现仿射Mirković-Vilonen多面体，并在sl2情况下解读路径上的装饰。

Path Model for Representations of Generalized Kac--Moody Algebras

We show that Joseph-Lamprou's path model for representations of generalized Kac-Moody algebras can be embedded into Littelmann's path model for certain Kac-Moody algebras. Using this embedding, for Joseph-Lamprou's path crystals, we give a decomposition rule for tensor product and a branching rule for restriction to Levi subalgebras. Also, we obtain a characterization of standard paths in terms of a certain monoid, which can be thought of as a generalization of a Coxeter group.

Alcove walks, buildings, symmetric functions and representations

For a complex simple Lie algebra, the dimension $K_{λμ}$ of the $μ$ weight space of a finite dimensional representation of highest weight $λ$ is the same as the number of Littelmann paths of type $λ$ and weight $μ$. In this paper we give an explicit construction of a path of type $λ$ and weight $μ$ whenever $K_{λμ}\ne 0$. This construction has additional consequences, it produces an explicit point in the building which chamber retracts to $λ$ and sector retracts to $μ$, and an explicit point of the affine Grassmannian in the corresponding Mirković-Vilonen intersection. In an appendix we discus…