莫尔斯理论中的C^0-拓扑
C^0-topology in Morse theory
摘要:
设$f$是闭流形$M$上的Morse函数,$v$是满足横截性条件的$f$的黎曼梯度.经典的建设(由于莫尔斯,斯梅尔,托姆,威滕),根据计数的流线加入临界点的功能$f$协会这些数据的莫尔斯复杂$M_*(f,v)$。本文引入一类新的与Morse函数$f$相关联的向量场($f$ -梯度).这个类比黎曼梯度类更广泛,为研究莫尔斯复形提供了一个自然的框架。我们的莫尔斯复形的构造不使用流线的计数,而是使用稳定流形的基本类,这允许用一个关于$C^0$ -稳定的$f$ -梯度(几乎横截性条件)的较弱条件来代替经典设置中所需的横截性条件。证明了Morse复形关于$f$ -梯度的$C^0$ -小扰动是稳定的,并研究了Morse复形的函子性质.本文的最后两节讨论了Novikov复形$N_*(f,v)$的泛函性和$C^0$ -稳定性,其中$f$是圆值Morse映射,$v$是几乎横截$f$ -梯度.
英文摘要:
Let $f$ be a Morse function on a closed manifold $M$, and $v$ be a Riemannian gradient of $f$ satisfying the transversality condition. The classical construction (due to Morse, Smale, Thom, Witten), based on the counting of flow lines joining critical points of the function $f$ associates to these data the Morse complex $M_*(f,v)$. In the present paper we introduce a new class of vector fields ($f$-gradients) associated to a Morse function $f$. This class is wider than the class of Riemannian gradients and provides a natural framework for the study of the Morse complex. Our construction of the Morse complex does not use the counting of the flow lines, but rather the fundamental classes of the stable manifolds, and this allows to replace the transversality condition required in the classical setting by a weaker condition on the $f$-gradient (almost transversality condition) which is $C^0$-stable. We prove then that the Morse complex is stable with respect to $C^0$-small perturbations of the $f$-gradient, and study the functorial properties of the Morse complex. The last two sections of the paper are devoted to the properties of functoriality and $C^0$-stability for the Novikov complex $N_*(f,v)$ where $f$ is a circle-valued Morse map and $v$ is an almost transverse $f$-gradient.
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