幂零性、根与幺半结构
Nilpotence, radicaux et structures mono\"ıdales
AI总结:
本文研究 Wedderburn K-线性范畴中投影的截面存在性与唯一性,并将其推广到具有幺半结构的情形,进而得到任意仿射群概形的 pro-reductive 包络,推广了 Jacobson-Morozov 定理。
摘要:
设 $K$ 为一个域,Wedderburn $K$-线性范畴是指一个 $K$-线性范畴 $\sA$,其根 $\sR$ 局部幂零,并且 $\bar \sA:=\sA/\sR$ 是半单的,且在任意标量扩张之后仍然保持半单。我们证明关于投影 $\sA\to \bar\sA$ 的截面的存在性与唯一性结果,其思路沿循 Wedderburn 定理。这样的结果有两个:一个针对一般情形,另一个针对 $\sA$ 具有幺半结构且 $\sR$ 为幺半理想的情形。后者尤其适用于特征零域上的 Tannakian 范畴,由此我们得到 Jacobson-Morozov 定理的一个推广:对 $K$ 上任意仿射群概形 $G$,存在与之相伴的 pro-reductive 包络 $\Pred(G)$。本文还给出了其他应用,在随后一篇关于 motives 的论文中也将给出进一步应用。
英文摘要:
For $K$ a field, a Wedderburn $K$-linear category is a $K$-linear category $\sA$ whose radical $\sR$ is locally nilpotent and such that $\bar \sA:=\sA/\sR$ is semi-simple and remains so after any extension of scalars. We prove existence and uniqueness results for sections of the projection $\sA\to \bar\sA$, in the vein of the theorems of Wedderburn. There are two such results: one in the general case and one when $\sA$ has a monoidal structure for which $\sR$ is a monoidal ideal. The latter applies notably to Tannakian categories over a field of characteristic zero, and we get a generalisation of the Jacobson-Morozov theorem: the existence of a pro-reductive envelope $\Pred(G)$ associated to any affine group scheme $G$ over $K$. Other applications are given in this paper as well as in a forthcoming one on motives.
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