We prove a theorem of M. Gromov (Oka's principle for holomorphic sections of elliptic bundles, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 2, 851-897, 1989) to the effect that sections of certain holomorphic submersions h from a complex manifold Z onto a Stein manifold X satisfy the Oka principle, meaning that the inclusion of the space of holomorphic sections into the space of continuous sections is a weak homotopy equivalence. The Oka principle holds if the submersion admits a fiber-dominating spray over a small neighborhood of any point in X. This extends a classical result of Grauert (Holomorphe Funktionen mit Werten in komplexen Lieschen Gruppen, Math. Ann. 133, 450-472, 1957). Gromov's result has been used in the proof of the embedding theorems for Stein manifolds and Stein spaces into Euclidean spaces of minimal dimension (Y. Eliashberg and M. Gromov, Ann. Math. 136, 123-135, 1992; J. Schurmann, Math. Ann. 307, 381-399, 1997). For further extensions see the preprints math.CV/0101034, math.CV/0107039, and math.CV/0110201.
Given a holomorphic submersion of reduced complex spaces, we prove that the basic Oka property of the submersion implies the parametric Oka property. This generalizes the corresponding result for complex manifolds (F. Forstneric, Oka Manifolds, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I, 347 (2009) 1017-1020). It follows that a stratified elliptic (or subelliptic) holomorphic submersion, or a stratified holomorphic fiber bundle whose fibers are Oka manifolds, enjoys the parametric Oka property. As an application we give a parametric version of the factorization theorem due to Ivarsson and Kutzschebauch (A…
We generalize our elliptic characterization of Oka manifolds to Oka maps. The generalized characterization can be considered as an affirmative answer to the relative version of Gromov's conjecture. As an application, we unify previously known Oka principles for submersions; namely the Gromov type Oka principle for subelliptic submersions and the Forstnerič type Oka principle for holomorphic fiber bundles with CAP fibers. We also establish the localization principle for Oka maps which gives new examples of Oka maps.
Let X and Y be complex manifolds. One says that maps from X to Y satisfy the Oka principle if the inclusion of the space of holomorphic maps from X to Y into the space of continuous maps is a weak homotopy equivalence. In 1957 H. Grauert proved the Oka principle for maps from Stein manifolds to complex Lie groups and homogeneous spaces, as well as for sections of fiber bundles with homogeneous fibers over a Stein base. In 1989 M. Gromov extended Grauert's result to sections of submersions over a Stein base which admit dominating sprays over small open sets in the base; for proof see [F. Forstn…
We give a proof of the following theorem of M. Gromov (Oka's principle for holomorphic sections of elliptic bundles, J. Amer. Math. Soc., 2 (1989), 851-897). Let Z be a holomorphic fiber bundle over a Stein manifold. If the fiber of Z admits a dominating holomorphic spray then the inclusion of the space of global holomorphic sections of Z into the space of continuous sections is a weak homotopy equivalence. In the classical case when the fiber is a complex Lie group or a homogeneous space this was proved by H. Grauert (Math. Ann., 135 (1958), 263--273). For further results in this direction se…
We prove a homotopy theorem for sheaves. Its application shortens and simplifies the proof of many Oka principles such as Gromov's Oka principle for elliptic submersions.
We solve fundamental problems in Oka theory by establishing an implicit function theorem for sprays. As the first application of our implicit function theorem, we obtain an elementary proof of the fact that approximation yields interpolation. This proof and Lárusson's elementary proof of the converse give an elementary proof of the equivalence between approximation and interpolation. The second application concerns the Oka property of a blowup. We prove that the blowup of an algebraically Oka manifold along a smooth algebraic center is Oka. In the appendix, equivariantly Oka manifolds are char…
We investigate the behaviour of the Oka property with respect to deformations of compact complex manifolds. We show that in a family of compact complex manifolds, the set of Oka fibres corresponds to a G-delta subset of the base. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the limit fibre of a sequence of Oka fibres to be Oka in terms of a new uniform Oka property. We show that if the fibres are tori, then the projection is an Oka map. Finally, we consider holomorphic submersions with noncompact fibres.
This is a survey on the homotopy principle in complex analysis on Stein manifolds, also called the Oka principle in this context. We concentrate on the following topics: the Oka-Grauert principle (classification of holomorphic vector bundles); the homotopy principle for holomorphic mappings from Stein manifolds and, more generally, for sections of holomorphic submersions with sprays; question on removability of intersections of holomorphic mappings with complex subvarieties; embeddings and immersions of Stein manifolds in affine spaces of minimal dimension; embeddings of open Riemann surfaces …
The paper is related to the author's talk at the Hayama Symposium in Complex Analysis in December 2000. In section 1 we survey results on the Oka principle for sections of holomorphic submersions over Stein manifolds. In section 2 we apply these results to the lifting problem for holomorphic mappings from Stein manifolds, and in section 3 we apply them to the problem of removability of intersections of holomorphic maps from Stein manifolds with closed complex subvarieties of the target space.
Assume that E and B are complex manifolds and that pi is a holomorphic Serre fibration from E onto E such that E admits a finite dominating family of holomorphic fiber-sprays over a small neighborhood of any point in B. We show that the parametric Oka property (POP) of B implies POP of E; conversely, POP of E implies POP of B for contractible parameter spaces. This follows from a parametric Oka principle for holomorphic liftings which we establish in the paper.
In this paper we establish a basic version of the Oka principle for multivalued sections of ramified holomorphic maps h from a complex manifold Z onto a Stein manifold X. If the ramification locus of h projects into a closed complex subvariety X' of X and if h admits a fiber dominating spray over a small neighborhood of any point in X\X' then any multivalued continuous section of h which is holomorphic in a neighborhood of X' and unramified in X\X' can be homotopically deformed to a global holomorphic multivalued section. The corresponding results for sections of unramified submersions were es…
A complex manifold Y satisfies the Convex Approximation Property (CAP) if every holomorphic map from a neighborhood of a compact convex set K in a complex Euclidean space C^n to Y can be approximated, uniformly on K, by entire maps from C^n to Y. If X is a reduced Stein space and Z is a stratified holomorphic fiber bundle over X all of whose fibers satisfy CAP, then sections of Z over X enjoy the Oka property with (jet) interpolation and approximation. Previously this has been proved by the author in the case when X is a Stein manifold without singularities (Ann. Math., 163 (2006), 689-707, ma…
The presented splitting lemma extends the techniques of Gromov and Forstnerič to glue local sections of a given analytic sheaf, a key step in the proof of all Oka principles. The novelty on which the proof depends is a lifting lemma for transition maps of coherent sheaves, which yields a reduction of the proof to the work of Forstnerič. As applications we get shortcuts in the proofs of Forster and Ramspott's Oka principle for admissible pairs and of the interpolation property of sections of elliptic submersions, an extension of Gromov's results obtained by Forstnerič and Prezelj.
A complex manifold $X$ satisfies the Oka-Grauert property if the inclusion $\Cal O(S,X) \hookrightarrow \Cal C(S,X)$ is a weak equivalence for every Stein manifold $S$, where the spaces of holomorphic and continuous maps from $S$ to $X$ are given the compact-open topology. Gromov's Oka principle states that if $X$ has a spray, then it has the Oka-Grauert property. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the Oka-Grauert property using homotopical algebra. We embed the category of complex manifolds into the model category of simplicial sheaves on the site of Stein manifolds. Our main result …
Let π:Z\to X be a holomorphic submersion of a complex manifold Z onto a complex manifold X and D\Subset X a 1-convex domain with strongly pseudoconvex boundary. We prove that under certain conditions there always exists a spray of π-sections over \bar{D} which has prescribed core, it fixes the exceptional set E of D, and is dominating on \bar{D}\setminus E. Each section in this spray is of class C^k(\bar{D}) and holomorphic on D. As a consequence we obtain several approximation results for π-sections. In particular, we prove that π-sections which are of class C^k(\bar{D}) and holomorphic on D …
Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana（卢布尔雅那大学数学物理学院）；Institute of Mathematics, Physics, and Mechanics（数学、物理与力学研究所）；Discipline of Mathematical Sciences, University of Adelaide（阿德莱德大学数学科学系）
Let X be a Stein manifold and let Y be a complex manifold which admits a spray in the sense of Gromov (Oka's principle for holomorphic sections of elliptic bundles, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 2, pp. 851-897 (1989)). We prove that for every closed complex subvariety X_0 of X and for every continuous map f_0 from X to Y whose restriction to X_0 is holomorphic there exists a homotopy of maps f_t from X to Y whose restrictions to X_0 agree with f_0 and such that the map f_1 is holomorphic on X. We obtain analogous results for sections of holomorphic submersions with sprays over Stein manifolds or Stein s…
In this paper we survey recent developments in the classical theory of minimal surfaces in Euclidean spaces which have been obtained as applications of both classical and modern complex analytic methods; in particular, Oka theory, period dominating holomorphic sprays, gluing methods for holomorphic maps, and the Riemann-Hilbert boundary value problem. Emphasis is on results pertaining to the global theory of minimal surfaces, in particular, the Calabi-Yau problem, constructions of properly immersed and embedded minimal surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^n$ and in minimally convex domains of $\mathbb{R}^n…
Let D be a relatively compact strongly pseudoconvex domain in a Stein manifold, and let Y be a complex manifold. We prove that the set A(D,Y), consisting of all continuous maps from the closure of D to Y which are holomorphic in D, is a complex Banach manifold. When D is the unit disc in C (or any other topologically trivial strongly pseudoconvex domain in a Stein manifold), A(D,Y) is locally modeled on the Banach space A(D,C^n)=A(D)^n with n=dim Y. Analogous results hold for maps which are holomorphic in D and of class C^r up to the boundary for any positive integer r. We also establish the O…
