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arXiv math-ph/0205015math-phmath.APmath.MP
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具有小初值的非线性薛定谔方程渐近轮廓的分类

Classification of Asymptotic Profiles for Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations with Small Initial Data

Tai-Peng Tsai, Horng-Tzer Yau

摘要:

考虑$R^3$中具有有界局部势的非线性薛定谔方程.假设线性哈密顿量具有两个束缚态,其本征值满足一定的共振条件。假设初始数据在$H^1$中是局部的且较小。我们证明了当时间趋于无穷大时,正好有三种空间局域行为可以发生:1。解决方案消失; 2。解收敛到非线性基态; 3.解收敛到非线性激发态。我们还获得了在所有三种情况下的松弛的上界。此外,对于一个大的初始数据集,这是被认为是通用的松弛到非线性基态的匹配下限。我们的证明是基于即将离任的估计的色散波测量相关的时间方向依赖的信息的色散波。在[16]中介绍的这些估计,提供了第一个一般概念来测量波在非线性薛定谔方程的设置中的传出趋势。

英文摘要:

We consider a nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a bounded local potential in $R^3$. The linear Hamiltonian is assumed to have two bound states with the eigenvalues satisfying some resonance condition. Suppose that the initial data are localized and small in $H^1$. We prove that exactly three local-in-space behaviors can occur as the time tends to infinity: 1. The solutions vanish; 2. The solutions converge to nonlinear ground states; 3. The solutions converge to nonlinear excited states. We also obtain upper bounds for the relaxation in all three cases. In addition, a matching lower bound for the relaxation to nonlinear ground states was given for a large set of initial data which is believed to be generic. Our proof is based on outgoing estimates of the dispersive waves which measure the relevant time-direction dependent information of the dispersive wave. These estimates, introduced in [16], provides the first general notion to measure the out-going tendency of waves in the setting of nonlinear Schrödinger equations.

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