避免卡加密中的偏见
Avoiding bias in cards cryptography
摘要：
我们概述了需要更严格的要求，无条件安全的密码协议的启发，俄罗斯卡的问题。提出了一个新的要求CA 4，检查由玩家持有的卡片的替代品组成的公告中的单张卡片出现的偏差。该要求CA 4被证明等同于替代要求CA 5。所有发现满足CA 4的公告都是2-设计。我们还证明了所有的二元设计都是3-设计。与避免由这样的协议产生的公告中的偏差不同，还可以应用无偏差的协议，使得公告中的模式变得无意义。我们给出了两个这样的协议的例子发牌参数（3，3，1），即两个玩家持有三张牌，剩下的玩家，扮演窃听者的角色，持有一张牌。
英文摘要：
We outline the need for stricter requirements for unconditionally secure cryptographic protocols inspired by the Russian Cards problem. A new requirement CA4 is proposed that checks for bias in single card occurrence in announcements consisting of alternatives for players' holdings of cards. This requirement CA4 is shown to be equivalent to an alternative requirement CA5. All announcements found to satisfy CA4 are 2-designs. We also show that all binary designs are 3-designs. Instead of avoiding bias in announcements produced by such protocols, one may as well apply unbiased protocols such that patterns in announcements become meaningless. We gave two examples of such protocols for card deal parameters (3,3,1), i.e. two of the players hold three cards, and the remaining player, playing the role of eavesdropper, holds a single card.
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