自组装成用户指定网格的自复制链
Self-Replicating Strands that Self-Assemble into User-Specified Meshes
摘要：
有人认为，纳米技术的一个中心目标是以低廉的价格制造产品，自我复制是一种有效的低成本制造方法。这里介绍的研究旨在成为实现这一愿景的一步。在之前的工作（JohnnyVon 1.0）中，我们模拟了结合在一起形成自我复制链的机器。有两种类型的机器（称为0型和1型），它们使链能够编码任意的位串。然而，编码在链中的信息在模拟中没有功能作用。这些信息在没有解释的情况下被复制，这对潜在的制造应用是一个重大限制。在目前的工作（JohnnyVon 2.0），在一个股的信息被解释为组装一个多边形网格的指令。现在有四种类型的机器，编码在链中的信息决定了它如何折叠。股线可以处于未折叠状态，其中粘结部是直的（尽管它们由于作用在机器上的虚拟力而略微弯曲），或者处于折叠状态，其中粘结部角度取决于机器的类型。通过在一个线束中选择机器类型的顺序，用户可以指定各种多边形形状。模拟通常从初始未折叠的种子股在未粘合机器的汤中开始。种子链通过与汤中的自由机器结合来复制。子股折叠成编码的多边形形状，然后多边形漂移在一起并结合形成网格。我们证明了各种多边形网格可以在模拟中制造，通过简单地改变种子中的机器类型的顺序。
英文摘要：
It has been argued that a central objective of nanotechnology is to make products inexpensively, and that self-replication is an effective approach to very low-cost manufacturing. The research presented here is intended to be a step towards this vision. In previous work (JohnnyVon 1.0), we simulated machines that bonded together to form self-replicating strands. There were two types of machines (called types 0 and 1), which enabled strands to encode arbitrary bit strings. However, the information encoded in the strands had no functional role in the simulation. The information was replicated without being interpreted, which was a significant limitation for potential manufacturing applications. In the current work (JohnnyVon 2.0), the information in a strand is interpreted as instructions for assembling a polygonal mesh. There are now four types of machines and the information encoded in a strand determines how it folds. A strand may be in an unfolded state, in which the bonds are straight (although they flex slightly due to virtual forces acting on the machines), or in a folded state, in which the bond angles depend on the types of machines. By choosing the sequence of machine types in a strand, the user can specify a variety of polygonal shapes. A simulation typically begins with an initial unfolded seed strand in a soup of unbonded machines. The seed strand replicates by bonding with free machines in the soup. The child strands fold into the encoded polygonal shape, and then the polygons drift together and bond to form a mesh. We demonstrate that a variety of polygonal meshes can be manufactured in the simulation, by simply changing the sequence of machine types in the seed.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
