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arXiv cs/0502048cs.CRquant-ph
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量子密钥分发安全性的自动分析

An Automated Analysis of the Security of Quantum Key Distribution

Rajagopal Nagarajan, Nikolaos Papanikolaou, Garry Bowen, Simon Gay

摘要:

本文讨论了使用计算机辅助验证作为分析量子信息系统的一种实用手段,具体而言,BB84协议的量子密钥分配使用这种方法进行检查。该协议已被证明是无条件安全的,对所有的攻击,在信息理论的设置,但相关的安全证明需要彻底理解的形式主义的量子力学,是不容易适应于实际情况。我们的方法是基于概率模型检查;我们使用PRISM模型检查器来证明,随着在BB84中传输的量子比特数量的增加,窃听者对信道的模糊性呈指数下降。我们还表明,检测到窃听者存在的概率随着量子比特的数量呈指数增长。这里提出的结果是一个证明的有效性的模型检查方法的系统中的分析解决方案可能是不可能的或似是而非的。

英文摘要:

This paper discusses the use of computer-aided verification as a practical means for analysing quantum information systems; specifically, the BB84 protocol for quantum key distribution is examined using this method. This protocol has been shown to be unconditionally secure against all attacks in an information-theoretic setting, but the relevant security proof requires a thorough understanding of the formalism of quantum mechanics and is not easily adaptable to practical scenarios. Our approach is based on probabilistic model-checking; we have used the PRISM model-checker to show that, as the number of qubits transmitted in BB84 is increased, the equivocation of the eavesdropper with respect to the channel decreases exponentially. We have also shown that the probability of detecting the presence of an eavesdropper increases exponentially with the number of qubits. The results presented here are a testament to the effectiveness of the model-checking approach for systems where analytical solutions may not be possible or plausible.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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