Prolog割的见证性质和语义
The Witness Properties and the Semantics of the Prolog Cut
摘要：
在逻辑编程系统的一些理想的属性的上下文中，被称为见证属性的Prolog的“切割”结构的语义进行了探讨。见证属性涉及对查询的响应的操作一致性。本文描述了Prolog的一个推广，它把否定表示为失败和割，并证明它不具有witness性质。然后描述了系统的限制，该限制保留了切割的选择和第一解行为，但允许系统具有见证属性。限制系统中的切割概念比Prolog硬切割更受限制，但保留了硬切割的有用的第一解行为，而不是被其他提议的切割，如"软切割“保留。有人认为，限制系统实现了一个很好的折衷之间的权力和效用的Prolog切和需要内部一致性的逻辑编程系统。受限系统被赋予了一个抽象的语义，它依赖于见证属性;这种语义表明受限系统与逻辑有着更深层次的联系，而不仅仅是允许一些逻辑计算。这篇论文的部分内容以前曾以不同的形式出现在1995年国际逻辑编程研讨会的会议录中。
英文摘要：
The semantics of the Prolog ``cut'' construct is explored in the context of some desirable properties of logic programming systems, referred to as the witness properties. The witness properties concern the operational consistency of responses to queries. A generalization of Prolog with negation as failure and cut is described, and shown not to have the witness properties. A restriction of the system is then described, which preserves the choice and first-solution behaviour of cut but allows the system to have the witness properties. The notion of cut in the restricted system is more restricted than the Prolog hard cut, but retains the useful first-solution behaviour of hard cut, not retained by other proposed cuts such as the ``soft cut''. It is argued that the restricted system achieves a good compromise between the power and utility of the Prolog cut and the need for internal consistency in logic programming systems. The restricted system is given an abstract semantics, which depends on the witness properties; this semantics suggests that the restricted system has a deeper connection to logic than simply permitting some computations which are logical. Parts of this paper appeared previously in a different form in the Proceedings of the 1995 International Logic Programming Symposium.
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