数字阿罗约：农村互联网接入建设中的国家政策和市场约束的检验
Digital Arroyos: An Examination of State Policy and Regulated Market Boundaries in Constructing Rural Internet Access
摘要：
这项重点研究国家一级的政策和获取模式有助于更充分地了解这些无形的障碍是如何工作的结构接入和定义农村社区。结合定量和定性数据，本研究探讨了地理政策障碍在全国最大和最农村的国家之一的作用。扩展区域服务政策是国家政策，其中电话客户可以扩大其本地呼叫区域。由于有效的互联网接入需要统一价格的连接，EAS政策可以在连接公民方面发挥关键作用。EAS政策（包括得克萨斯州的政策）往往沿着五个维度（利益共同体、客户范围、方向性、定价机制和政策范围）变化。依赖于受监管的市场边界来定义的EAS政策可能会在农村互联网接入方面产生严重的不平等。在对25个农村社区进行的个案研究中，对互联网服务提供商进行的访谈表明，LATA和交换边界以及地理限制的基础设施投资限制了偏远地区的服务提供。对1300个电话交换机（包括得克萨斯州的208个农村电话交换机）的统计分析表明，社区离大都市区越远，就越不可能有可靠的互联网接入
英文摘要：
This focused study on state-level policy and access patterns contributes to a fuller understanding of how these invisible barriers work to structure access and define rural communities. Combining both quantitative and qualitative data, this study examines the role of geo-policy barriers in one of the largest and most rural states in the nation. Expanded Area Service policies are state policies wherein phone customers can expand their local calling area. Because useful Internet access requires a flat-price connection, EAS policies can play a crucial role in connecting citizens to one another. EAS policies (including Texas') tend to vary along five dimensions (community of interest, customer scope, directionality, pricing mechanism and policy scope). EAS policies that rely on regulated market boundaries for definition can generate gross inequities in rural Internet access. Interviews with Internet Service Providers in a case study of 25 rural communities reveals that LATA and exchange boundaries, along with geographically restricted infrastructure investments, curtail service provision in remote areas. A statistical analysis of 1300 telephone exchanges, including 208 rural telephone exchanges in Texas reveals that the farther a community lies from a metropolitan area the less likely they are to have reliable Internet access
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