印度试图启动其脱轨的电信自由化进程
India Attempts to Give a Jump-start to its Derailed Telecommunications Liberalization Process
摘要：
1991年以后，经济政策从封闭经济模式转向市场导向模式。政府邀请私营部门参与电信部门的改革。然而，政府在改革法律和监管制度时采取了三心二意的做法，适合竞争制度或制定1994年电信政策。在蜂窝和基础服务方面允许竞争。该部和现任者（交通部）向其竞争对手颁发了许可证。发放许可证缺乏透明度和不切实际的许可证费用使改革进程脱轨，并导致浪费的诉讼。法院不支持监管机构，实际上使其作用多余。
英文摘要：
After the 1991 economic policy made a shift from a closed economic model to a market-oriented model. The government invited private sector to participate in reforming its telecom sector. However, the government took a half-hearted approach in overhauling the legal and regulatory regime, suitable for competitive regime or in framing the 1994 Telecom Policy. Competition was allowed in cellular and basis services. The ministry and the incumbent (DOT) issued licenses to their competitors. Lack of transparency in issuing licenses and unrealistic license fee derailed the reforms process and led to wasteful litigation. The courts did not support the regulator and virtually made its role redundant.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
