三相交通理论与公路通行能力
Three-Phase Traffic Theory and Highway Capacity
摘要：
将作者提出的三相交通流理论的假设和一些结果与交通流理论的基本图法的结果进行了比较。本文对交通流理论和模型的基本图方法中关于拥挤模式特征的模型结果进行了批判性的讨论。讨论了三相交通流理论的经验基础，并考虑了交通相“同步流”的一些新的时空特征。基于三相交通流理论，提出了公路通行能力的概率理论。在这一理论框架下，公路通行能力在自由流中的概率性质与从交通相“自由流”到交通相“同步流”的一阶局部相变的发生有关。基于三相交通流理论中的KKW元胞自动机模型，对拥挤模式下的公路通行能力进行了数值模拟研究。研究了一种依赖于瓶颈上游拥挤时空模式特征的拥挤模式道路通行能力。
英文摘要：
Hypotheses and some results of the three-phase traffic theory by the author are compared with results of the fundamental diagram approach to traffic flow theory. A critical discussion of model results about congested pattern features which have been derived within the fundamental diagram approach to traffic flow theory and modelling is made. The empirical basis of the three-phase traffic theory is discussed and some new spatial-temporal features of the traffic phase "synchronized flow" are considered. A probabilistic theory of highway capacity is presented which is based on the three-phase traffic theory. In the frame of this theory, the probabilistic nature of highway capacity in free flow is linked to an occurrence of the first order local phase transition from the traffic phase "free flow" to the traffic phase "synchronized flow". A numerical study of congested pattern highway capacity based on simulations of a KKW cellular automata model within the three-phase traffic theory is presented. A congested pattern highway capacity which depends on features of congested spatial-temporal patterns upstream of a bottleneck is studied.
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