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arXiv astro-ph/0209035astro-ph
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镓团簇的X射线演化

The Evolution of X-ray Clusters of Galaxies

Piero Rosati, Stefano Borgani, Colin Norman

摘要:

在过去十年中,对宇宙中星系团群体演化趋势的研究取得了相当大的进展。在这篇综述中,我们集中在X射线波段的观测。利用ROSAT卫星进行的X射线测量,加上利用ASCA和Beppo-SAX进行的后续研究,使得能够对星系团空间密度到z~1的演变和星系团内部介质到z~0.5的物理性质的演变进行评估。随着Chandra和Newton-XMM的出现,以及它们前所未有的灵敏度和角分辨率,这些研究已经超出了红移单位,并揭示了星系团的复杂结构。星系团内气体的性质受到恒星形成和活动星系核(AGN)活动等非引力过程的显著影响。令人信服的证据已经出现了温和的演化的大部分X射线集群人口和他们的化学性质,因为红移统一。这样的观测方案是一致的分层模型的结构形成在一个平坦的低密度宇宙中的Ω_m=0.3和σ_8 =0.7-0.8的功率谱的归一化。本文综述了构造X射线选择性星系团样品的基本方法,并讨论了星系团演化对宇宙学模型的意义。

英文摘要:

Considerable progress has been made over the last decade in the study of the evolutionary trends of the population of galaxy clusters in the Universe. In this review we focus on observations in the X-ray band. X-ray surveys with the ROSAT satellite, supplemented by follow-up studies with ASCA and Beppo-SAX, have allowed an assessment of the evolution of the space density of clusters out to z~1, and the evolution of the physical properties of the intra-cluster medium out to z~0.5. With the advent of Chandra and Newton-XMM, and their unprecedented sensitivity and angular resolution, these studies have been extended beyond redshift unity and have revealed the complexity of the thermodynamical structure of clusters. The properties of the intra-cluster gas are significantly affected by non-gravitational processes including star formation and Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) activity. Convincing evidence has emerged for modest evolution of both the bulk of the X-ray cluster population and their thermodynamical properties since redshift unity. Such an observational scenario is consistent with hierarchical models of structure formation in a flat low density universe with Omega_m=0.3 and sigma_8=0.7-0.8 for the normalization of the power spectrum. Basic methodologies for construction of X-ray-selected cluster samples are reviewed and implications of cluster evolution for cosmological models are discussed.

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