二维数值模式中的Hadley环流与湿对流的大尺度运动
Hadley circulations and large scale motions of moist convection in the two dimensional numerical model
摘要：
作为理解大气纬向环流的一种工具，本文用一个二维（纬度-高度）数值模式来阐明Hadley环流和与湿对流有关的大尺度运动之间的关系。该模型以原始方程为基础，考虑了湿化过程，采用球坐标系和均匀旋转的笛卡尔坐标系。表面温度是外部固定的，对流层被辐射冷却;不稳定层结产生大尺度对流运动。研究了三角洲南北表面温差T_s的显著性。数值结果表明，在每个实验中都存在系统的多胞结构。当地面温度恒定（Δ Ts = 0）时，对流运动以Rossby形变半径为尺度组织，其降水型具有平流时间τ D的周期性。当Δ Ts增大时，有组织的对流系统有向暖区传播的趋势.在直角坐标模式中计算的对流单体与球坐标模式中的中纬度对流单体非常相似。特别地，Hadley环流可以被认为是赤道纬度对流环流的极限。
英文摘要：
As a tool for understanding the meridional circulation of the atmosphere, a two-dimensional ( latitude -- height ) numerical model is used to clarify the relationship between the Hadley circulation and large-scale motions associated with moist convection. The model is based on the primitive equations including the moist process, and two kinds of coordinates are used: the spherical coordinate and the Cartesian coordinate with a uniform rotation. The surface temperature is externally fixed and the troposphere is cooled by the radiation; unstable stratification generates large-scale convective motions. Dependencies on the surface temperature difference from north to south Delta T_s are investigated. The numerical results show that a systematic multi-cell structure exists in every experiment. If the surface temperature is constant (Delta T_s = 0 ), convective motions are organized in the scale of the Rossby deformation radius and their precipitation patterns have a periodicity of the advective time tau_D. As Delta T_s becomes larger, the organized convective system tends to propagate toward warmer regions. The convective cells calculated in the Cartesian coordinate model is very similar to those of the mid-latitudes in the spherical coordinate model. In particular, the Hadley cell can be regarded as the limit of the convective cells in the equatorial latitudes.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
