审核偶极暗物质：暗物质有效场论中模型独立性的局限
Auditing anapole dark matter: the limits of model independence in dark matter effective field theory
AI总结：
本研究指出暗物质有效场论的模型独立约束存在局限，六维偶极算子耦合的马约拉纳暗物质的不同 UV 完备在多场景预测有差异，可通过搜寻额外粒子特征获取暗物质约束。
摘要：
有效场论（EFT）是研究暗 sector 模型低能行为的有力工具，无需依赖高能物理的具体细节。然而，自底向上的 EFT 分析可能遗漏 UV 完备中与暗物质产生和探测相关的重要过程。本研究明确证明，对于通过六维偶极算子与光子耦合的马约拉纳暗物质，不同的 UV 完备在高能对撞机、早期宇宙及直接探测实验中会给出定性不同的预测。此外，研究表明，通过搜寻 UV 完备中额外粒子的特征而非直接探测暗物质本身，可获得对该偶极暗物质具有竞争力、甚至在某些情况下占主导地位的约束。研究指出，本工作中研究的 UV 完备具有截然不同的现象学，“模型独立”的 EFT 约束并非总是适用。
英文摘要：
Effective field theory is a powerful tool for studying the low-energy behavior of dark sector models without explicit dependence on the high-energy physics. However, bottom-up EFT analyses can miss important processes in UV completions that are relevant for dark matter production and detection. In this work we demonstrate explicitly that for Majorana dark matter coupled to the photon by the dimension-six anapole operator, different UV completions make qualitatively different predictions at high energy colliders, in the early universe, and in direct detection experiments. Additionally, we show that competitive, and in some cases, leading constraints on anapole dark matter can be derived by searching for signatures of additional particles in the UV completion rather than direct probes of the DM itself. We argue that the UV completions studied in this work have categorically different phenomenologies and that `model-independent' EFT constraints are not always applicable.
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