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arXiv 2610.19902astro-ph.EPastro-ph.IMastro-ph.SR
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近红外CMOS探测器在系外行星探测中的实测性能与前景：SPIRIT首年运行结果

On-sky performance and prospects of near-infrared CMOS detectors in exoplanet detection: first year of SPIRIT

Cavendish Laboratory（卡文迪许实验室）；ETH Zurich（苏黎世联邦理工学院）；Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC)（加那利群岛天体物理研究所）；Astrobiology Research Unit, Université de Liège（列日大学天体生物学研究单元）；Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology（麻省理工学院地球、大气与行星科学系）；School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Birmingham（伯明翰大学物理与天文学院）
Clàudia Janó-Muñoz, Matthew J. Hooton, Peter P. Pedersen, Didier Queloz, Khalid Barkaoui, Yasmin T. Davis, Michaël Gillon, Benjamin V. Rackham, Mathilde Timmerm… 展开作者

Clàudia Janó-Muñoz, Matthew J. Hooton, Peter P. Pedersen, Didier Queloz, Khalid Barkaoui, Yasmin T. Davis, Michaël Gillon, Benjamin V. Rackham, Mathilde Timmermans, Amaury H. M. J. Triaud, Sebastián Zúñiga-Fernández

备注：
11 pages, 11 figures, submitted to RAS Techniques and Instruments
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AI总结：

本文报道了SPECULOOS项目中SPIRIT红外CMOS探测器首年的实测性能，验证其可实现千分之一以下测光精度，为冷恒星系外行星探测提供了高性价比的技术方案，具有良好应用前景。

摘要：

极冷矮星是探测和表征温带类地系外行星的理想目标，其辐射通量峰值位于近红外波段，超出了SPECULOOS等地面专项观测项目所用硅基CCD的波长截止范围。本文介绍了SPECULOOS南方天文台Callisto望远镜上搭载的InGaAs CMOS探测器SPIRIT（系外行星凌星观测用SPECULOOS红外成像仪）在2022年中至2023年首年运行期间的实测性能。我们利用73个目标的328次观测，优化了针对CMOS的减噪处理流程，包括辉光效应和坏像素处理方法。研究发现，实测精度与理论噪声模型一致，在良好观测条件下，对J波段星等10至13的目标可达到千分之一以下的精度。我们还通过两个案例展示了SPIRIT的能力：SPIRIT的zYJ波段与CCD的I+z波段同时观测TRAPPIST-1 h的凌星事件，以及对快速旋转矮星LP 944-20的监测观测。结果证实，InGaAs红外CMOS探测器是用于冷恒星地面凌星测光的高性价比、有竞争力的技术，有望成为下一代仪器的核心组成部分。

英文摘要：

Ultracool dwarfs are promising targets for detecting and characterising temperate terrestrial exoplanets. Their flux peaks in the near-infrared, beyond the wavelength cut-off of the silicon-based CCDs used by ground-based surveys dedicated to observing them, such as SPECULOOS. We present the on-sky performance of SPIRIT (SPeculoos InfraRed Imager for Transits), an InGaAs CMOS detector on the Callisto telescope at the SPECULOOS Southern Observatory, during its first year of operation, from mid-2022 to 2023. We use 328 visits of 73 targets to optimise our CMOS-specific reduction process, including our approach to glow effects and bad-pixel handling. We find the measured precision to be consistent with our theoretical noise model, achieving sub-part-per-thousand precision under good observing conditions across targets spanning $J$-band magnitudes of 10--13. We further illustrate SPIRIT's capabilities with two case studies: a simultaneous SPIRIT $zYJ$ and CCD $I + z$ observation of a TRAPPIST-1\,h transit, and monitoring observations of the fast-rotating dwarf LP~944-20. Our results confirm that InGaAs infrared CMOS detectors are a cost-effective and competitive technology for ground-based transit photometry of cool stars, and that they show promising prospects to become a core part of the next generation of instruments.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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